摘要
目的分析清城区疟疾流行动态和特征,评价防控措施和效果,为消除疟疾后的监测工作提供科学依据。方法收集清城区建区后1988-2017年疟疾疫情、防控监测资料进行回顾性分析,计算发病率,分析人群、地区分布等情况,分析评价不同阶段疟疾流行特点和防治措施实施效果。结果 1988-2017年共报告疟疾2 332例。90年代初有1次流行高峰,年发病率最高是1994年,为127.06/10万,流行虫种以间日疟为主;发病主要集中在5-12月,占90.79%(2 051/2 259);21~50岁年龄发病占93.45%(2 111/2 259),男女发病比例为4.4∶1;职业以沙石场和建筑工地民工为主,占73.84%(1 211/1 640)。防治过程历经全面调查、重点防治、控制流行、综合防治和监测巩固达到消除4个阶段,每个阶段均采用相应的防治措施,1999年以后年发病率控制在0.5/万以下。2008至2017年已连续9年未发现本地感染病例,新发病例均为外源性输入病例。结论清城区疟疾防治达到国家消除标准,但输入性病例不容忽视,应加强流动人口的疟疾监测与管理,及时发现病人并有效处置,完善长效防控机制,巩固消除成果。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of malaria,evaluate the effects of control measures,and to provide a scientific basis for monitoring of malaria in local areas.Methods All the epidemiological data of malaria situation and monitoring of Qingcheng district from 1988 to 2017were collected for the analysis and evaluation of the characteristics of the different stages of malaria control.Results Totally 2332 cases with malaria were reported in this district from 1988 to 2017.One epidemic peaks had happened.In the 90 s,with the highest annual incidence of 127.06 per 100 000 in 1994. Plasmodium vivax was the most common type in this district.Onset of malaria had significant seasonality,mostly from May to December,accounting for 90.79%(2 051/2 259).There was a higher rate of 93.45%(2 111/2 259)in the age group of 21 50 years old.The proportion of females to males was 4.4:1.Most of the .patients were workers at a sand quarry or construction site,with a proportion of 73.84%(1 211/1 640).Control process was divided into four stages:primary prevention,control epidemic,basic elimination,reliable monitoring till eliminated.With corresponding prevention measures in each phase,the incidence rate of malaria was controlled to less than 0.5 per 10 000in 1999,and no infection in local area had been found in nine years in a row.Conclusion Malaria prevention in Qingcheng district reached the standards of China.However,imported cases should not be ignored,and Qingcheng district should improve the effective prevention and control mechanism,strengthen the malaria surveillance and management of floating population,find patients timely and give effective treatment,and also consolidate the eliminating achievement.
作者
谢蔚林
陈云瑚
蓝志辉
林燕锋
徐国洪
汤嘉慧
XIE Wei-lin;CHEN Yun-hu;LAN Zhi-hui;LIN Yan-feng;XU Guo-hong;TANG Jia-hui(Qingcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Qingyuan,Guangdong 511500,China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2018年第11期1519-1523,共5页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
疟疾
流行特征
清远
Malaria
Epidemic characteristics
Qingyuan
