摘要
2017年,全球共有57个国家和地区报告发生1 860起高致病性禽流感疫情,涉及易感禽约2 000万只,导致280多万只禽发病,210多万只死亡,1 200多万只被销毁。从空间分布看,欧洲疫情国家数量最多,共有29个国家报告疫情,其次是亚洲,共有18个国家和地区报告疫情;从时间分布看,1—3月份报告疫情数最多,占77.6%(1 444/1 860),其他月份报告疫情数较少,每月不足70起;从流行毒株亚型看,涉及H5N1、H5N2、H5N5、H5N6、H5N8、H7N3和H7N9等多个亚型,其中H5N8亚型引发的疫情数最多,占83.0%(1 544/1 860);从群间分布看,感染禽类涉及鸡、鸭、鹅、火鸡和鹌鹑等5种家养禽类以及38种野生禽类,疫点涉及规模场、散养场、公园、村庄、森林、动物园、屠宰场、市场等多个场点。总的来说,与前几年相比,2017年全球高致病性禽流感疫情更为严重:疫情分布较广,且欧洲最严重;感染禽类众多,涉及多种家禽和野禽;流行毒株复杂,疫情流行面广,具有明显的季节性特征。分析表明,全球禽流感流行形势更加严峻复杂,需要进一步加强监测和防控。
In 2017, a total of 1 860 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) were reported in 57 countries and territories, resulting in abauot 20 miuion birds were threatened, more than 2.8 million birds infection, more than 2.1 million deaths, and more than 12 million birds being destroyed. From the perspective of spatial distribution, the number of outbreaks in European countries was the highest (29) , followed by Asia countries, there were 18 countries and regions reporting the epidemics. From the perspective of time distribution, the number of epidemics in January to March was the highest, accounting for 77.6% (1 444/1 860) , the number of outbreaks reported in other months was less than 70 per month. From the perspective of subtype of epidemic strains, multiple subtypes were involved, such as H5N1, H5N2, H5N5, H5N6, H5N8, H7N3 and H7N9, among which H5N8 subtype virus caused the largest number of epidemics (83.0%, 1 544/1 860) . From the perspective of group distribution, the virus strains could infect five kinds of domestic poultry such as chicken, duck, geese, turkey and donkey, and 38 wild birds. The epidemic sites involved large-scale and free-range farms, parks, villages, forests, zoos, slaughterhouses and markets. In general, compared with previous years, the global epidemics of HPAI in 2017 was more serious, the epidemic was widespread and it was most serious in Europe; multiple species of birds could be infected, involving a variety of poultry and wild birds; the prevalent strains were complex, the spread of epidemics was widespread and showed obvious seasonal characteristics. In conclusion, the global prevalence situation of avian influenza was more serious and complex, therefore, further monitoring and prevention should be strengthened.
作者
杜建
兰邹然
翟新验
辛盛鹏
Du Jian;Lan Zouran;Zhai Xinyan;Xin Shengpeng(China Animal Diseases Prevention and Control Center, Beijing 100125, China;Shandong Animal Diseases Prevention and Control Center, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China)
出处
《中国动物检疫》
CAS
2018年第11期5-8,共4页
China Animal Health Inspection
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1200704)
