摘要
通过对夏玉米胚乳细胞建成及籽粒干物质积累动态的观察分析,查明在授粉十.二天后,胚乳细胞数目趋于稳定;二十天后细胞大小基本定型。胚乳细胞数目与籽粒体积,籽粒灌浆强度及粒重都呈高度正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.876,0.958和0.952。胚乳细胞大小与籽粒体积,籽粒灌浆强度及粒重的相关性则较弱,相关系数分别为,0.607,0.6603和0.6597。通径分析结果表明,胚乳细胞数目是构成籽粒体积、影响籽粒灌浆强度及粒重的主要因素。粒重的形成与籽粒灌浆强度、灌浆持续期、胚孔细胞数目、细胞大小都有关,但胚乳细胞数目却是限制粒重的先决条件。吐丝期水分胁迫及高密度种植,影响植株养分向籽粒的供给和分配,使籽粒胚乳细胞数目减少,胚乳细胞数目的减少限制了籽粒体积的增大,使籽粒灌浆强制减弱,最终导致了粒重的降低。
The present study was conducted in high yield conditions during 1984—1985.Processes of endosperm cell development and dry matter accumulation in kernels were investigated.The results indicated that endosperm cell number increased mainly during the first few days and appeared to be stable on the 12th.day after pollination;endosperm cell size reached its maximum on about the 20th.High possitive correla- tions were observed between endosperm cell number and kernel volume, grain filling rate and kernel weight.Correlations between endosperm cell size and kernel volume,grain filling rate and kernel weight were negetive. Differences in either endosperm cell number or kernel weight among treatments were significant statistically.Endosperm cell number,which related to soluble sugar concentration in kernel,was the most impor- tant factor in composing kernel volume,affecting grain filling rate and kernel weight according to pathanalysiso Kernel weight variation was caused chiefly by the differences in endosperm cell number that formed under different cultural practices.It is suggested that the“Lag phase” during which most of the endosperm cells were formed may be the Pre- requisite in determing kernel weight in summer-maize.
出处
《河北农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第4期39-45,共7页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural University
关键词
玉米
胚乳细胞
粒重
Endosperm cell
Kernel weight
