摘要
目的 通过同伴教育减少静脉注射毒品者感染和传播艾滋病病毒的高危险行为。方法 在昆明市强制戒毒所和劳教戒毒所的戒毒人员中开展为期两年的减少伤害同伴教育活动 ,在干预前后进行两次随机抽样调查 ,并在干预后开展焦点问题小组讨论和个案随访 ,比较干预前后高危险行为变化 ,评估干预效果。结果 基线和干预后分别随机抽取 30 6人和 418人进行调查。比较干预前后 ,共用注射器由 6 8.3%下降到 6 2 .0 % (χ2 =2 .6 1,P <0 .0 1) ,从来不清洗注射器从 3.3%上升到15 .8% (χ2 =19.41,P <0 .0 1) ,将用过的注射器丢弃到垃圾桶内的比例从 5 8.4%上升到 81.8% (χ2 =40 .2 3,P <0 .0 1)。对 34名戒毒人员进行跟踪随访 ,6 7.6 %不再共用注射器 ,无人在性生活中使用避孕套。结论 在戒毒所内开展同伴教育活动减少静脉注射毒品者危险行为的效果是有限的。为遏制艾滋病在这一人群中的快速传播 ,需要尝试更为有效的干预措施。
Objective To reduce risk behaviors which promotes human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) transmission among drug users. Methods A peer education program was implemented among drug users in drug detoxification centers in Kunming from May 1998 to June 2000. Before and after intervention, through random sampling, subjects were recruited to assess the impact of the program. Focus group discussion and a small sample of follow up in communities were used for evaluation. Results Three hundred and six and 418 subjects were interviewed before and after the intervention program. Rates regarding 'sharing needles' had a reduction from 68.3 % to 62.0 % (χ 2= 2.61 , P < 0.01 ), while 'never cleaning a needle' increased from 3.3 % to 15.8 % (χ 2= 19.41 , P < 0.01 ), and 'used needles disposal to garbage bin' increased from 58.4 % to 81.8 % (χ 2= 40.23 , P < 0.01 ). Thirty four drug users were followed in their communities and 67.6 % were no longer sharing needles but none reported using a condom when having casual sex. Conclusion Peer education program among drug users in detoxification centers had limited impact. In order to control the epidemic of AIDS in drug using population, more effective strategies need to be explored.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第5期334-336,共3页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
