摘要
对亚洲疣猴123个头骨的面颅和脑颅的14项变量作了分析。讨论了东亚古环境的变迁对亚洲疣猴辐射的影响。据分析结果,似乎获得了几个新结论:1)亚洲疣猴可能还有另一条迁移路线——沿特蒂斯海北岸的西藏南部进入我国横断山区,故它们可能有两个分化或辐射中心,即“Sundaland”和我国的横断山地区;2)Nasalis(2n=48)可能是亚洲疣猴中最原始的一个属;3)Pygathrix与Presbytiscus具有最大的相似性,但前者与Phinopithecus相差甚远;4)Phinopithecus无论面颅和脑颅或是起源都是亚洲疣猴中更为特化的一个属。提出了亚洲疣猴系统发育支序图。
In order to study the differentiation of Asian colobines, fourteen variables measured on cranioface and brain case of 123 skulls, including Rhinopithecus, Presbytis, Presbytiscus, Pyga-thrix, and Nasalis, were dealt with by one-way, cluster and discriminant analyses. Information of the paleoenvironment changes in China and southern East Asian since the late Tertiary was used to examine the influences for migratory way and distribution range in Asian colobines. The cladogram among different genera of Asian colobines was made from the results of various analyses. It was suggested that some new points or revisions should be made as follows:
1. Following the second migratory way, ancient species of Asian colobines perhaps passed through Xizang along the northern bank of Tethys sea and Heng-Duan Shan regions, Yunnan. Because ancient continent connected Yunnan and Xizang had already located in east bank of Tethys sea. the evolution of Asian colobines could have existed in two original centers, i.e. 'Sundaland' and Heng-Duan Shan regions of China.
2. Pygathrix possesses a lot of similarities with Presbytiscus, but it is less correlated with Rhinoipithecus. If the revision combined Pygathrix with other two genera shown by Groves (1970) is correct, only Pygathrix and Presbytiscus can be put together.
3. Nasalis (2n = 48) may be the most primitive genus in Asian colobines. Some features were shared with Rhinopithecus, for example, body size, terrestrial activities and limb proportion etc., were considered as common inheritance of symplesiomorphous characters.
4. Rhinopithecus, without reference to cranioface and brain case or the origin, is the most special genus in Asian colobines. It may represent the highest level of evolutionary position among various genera in Asian colobines (Peng et al., 1985).
出处
《人类学学报》
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期346-356,共11页
Acta Anthropologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(青年基金)
中国科学院分类区系特别支持费资助
关键词
亚洲疣猴
面颅
脑颅
Asian colobines
Cranioface and brain case
Comparative study
