摘要
1998～ 1999年连续二年用五点取样法及五级目测法对上海市稻田杂草种类、群落结构及其危害程度作了第二次农田杂草普查 ,并用相对密度、相对均度、相对频率、相对多度对普查资料进行汇总。与 2 0世纪 80年代初上海市第一次农田杂草普查资料相比较 ,稻田杂草种类有较大幅度下降 ,共有 2 8种 ,分属 13科 ;经相对频率参量指标分析显示 ,稻田杂草的优势种发生了相应变化 ,依次为矮慈菇 (SagittariapygmaeaMig .)、鸭舌草 [Monochoriavaginalis (Burm .f.)Preslex .Kunth]、陌上菜 [Lindernia procumbens (Krock .)Philcox]、稗草 [Echinochloacrusgalli (L .)Beauv.]、鲤肠 (EcliptaprostrataL .)、水苋菜 (AmmanniabacciferaL .)、节节菜 [Rotalaindica(willd .)Koehne .]、异型莎草 (CyperusdifformisL .)、空心莲子草 [Alternanthera philoxeroides(Mart.)Griseb .]、千金子 [Leptochloachinensis (L .)Nees.];稻田杂草的群落发生了根本变化 ,从“禾本科杂草 +莎草科杂草 +阔叶类杂草”的草相演变为以“阔叶类杂草 +莎草科杂草 +禾本科杂草”为主的格局 ;通过化学防除后 ,稻田杂草的危害处于低水平状态下 ,危害程度在
The 2nd general survey of rice field weed species,community structures and damage levels in Shanghai was carried out using five point sampling mode and five level visual observation method during 1998～1999,and the survey data were summarized in terms of relative density,relative uniformity,relative frequency and relative abundance.Compared with the data of the 1st general survey at the beginning of 1980s,the species number of rice field weeds declined considerably,namely,from 80 species under 27 families to 28 species under 13 families;the dominant species of rice field weeds also changed,the descending order of their relative frequency indexes being Sagittaria pygmaea Mig., Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.)Presl ex Kunth, Lindernia procumbens (Krock.)Philcok, Echinochloa crusgalli (L.)Beauv., Eclipta prostrata L., Ammannia baccifera L., Rotala indica (willd.)Koehne., Cyperus difformis L., Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.)Griseb.and Leptochloa chinensis (L.)Nees.;and so the aspect of the communities of rice field weeds fundamentally evolved from gramineae weeds+cyperaceae weeds+broad leaf weeds into broad leaf weeds+cyperaceae weeds+gramineae weeds;after chemical control,the extent of rice field weed damage was below level 2.
出处
《上海农业学报》
CSCD
2001年第4期82-97,共16页
Acta Agriculturae Shanghai
关键词
上海市
稻田
杂草
危害
除草
General survey of rice field weeds
Dominant
Community
Damage level
