摘要
直接用活度方程代入化学平衡方程．以萃取体系平衡有机相中萃合物浓度的计算值与实验值的标准偏差为目标函数．得到萃取热力学平衡常数和活度方程参数．摒弃了气相色谱的实验测定和图解积分计算．使热力学模型建立大大减少了实验和数据处理工作量。用ＴＢＰ－ＨＮＯ３，ＴＢＰ－ＵＯ２（ＮＯ３）２，Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ－ＣｕＣｌ２和Ｄ２ＥＨＰＡ－ＬａＣｌ３等不同萃取体系对此方法进行了检验；来用的有机相活度模型有：Ｓｃａｔｃｈａｒｄ－Ｈｉｌｄｅｒｂｒａｎｄ方程（加 Ｆｌｏｒｙ－Ｈｕｇｇｉｎｓ修正）、 ＮＲＴＬ方程（加 ＦＨ修正项）、 ＵＮＩＱＵＡＣ方程和ＵＮＩＦＡＣ方程。文中提供了上述４种活度方程的参数．这些参数均可在全浓度范围内进行组分活度系数以及相平衡浓度的估算。
In the paper a new method in establishing the theromodynamic model for metal solvent extraction systems is proposed. The activity coefficient equations and the chemical equilibrium equation are solved jointly to obtain the extraction equilibrium constant and the terminal parameters for activity coefficient equations. The standard deviations of the equilibrated concentrations of extracted complex between the calculated and experimental values in organic phase are taken as objective function. The experimental data for TBP-HNO3, TBP-UO2(NO3)2, D,EHPA-CuCl2 and D2EHPA-LaCl3 extraction systems were tested for this method. The activity coefficient equations used arc Scatchard-Hildebrand (plus Flory-Huggins), NRTL (plus Flory-Huggins), UNIQUAC and UNIFAC equations. The terminal parameters are given for these systems. These parameters arc real constants in the whole concentration range.
出处
《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第3期71-83,共13页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)
关键词
湿法冶金
溶剂萃取
热力学模型
solvent extraction, thermodynamic model, activity coefficient, equilibrium constant, TBP, UO2(NO3)2
