摘要
,徐蔚亚 ,王建民 ,马在田 .VSP数据波动方程叠前深度偏移成像及立体地震成像 .石油地球物理勘探 ,2 0 0 1,36 (5 ) :5 17～ 5 2 5 本文从三维声波方程出发 ,通过引入参考速度 ,推导出折射项和绕射项方程 ,并对绕射项进行优化展开 ,得到适应任意变速情况下的 VSP数据波动方程叠前深度偏移方程及其差分格式 ;讨论了有限差分法的误差补偿、波场成像条件 ;基于波场传播的线性叠加原理 ,在一定成像条件下 ,提出了把地面地震记录、VSP记录及井间地震记录偏移到同一成像空间的完整的地震成像方法——立体地震成像。立体地震成像的实质是 :地面地震数据、VSP数据及井中反射地震数据的成像过程可以统一成一个波动方程叠前深度偏移过程 ,同时 ,每种数据的成像结果也可以单独输出。模型试算结果表明 ,在立体地震成像过程中 ,每一种观测方式对目标地质体的照明范围不同 ,它们对目标地质体的成像互为补充与加强 。
Starting from 3 D acoustic equation and by introducing reference velocity,the paper deduced formulae of refraction item,and diffraction item and optimized and expanded the later,finally prestack depth migration equation of VSP data and its difference form adapting to any condition of variable velocity has been obtained.Error compensation of finite difference algorithm and condition of wavefield imaging has been discussed in the paper.In a certain imaging condition and based on linear stack principle on wavefield propagation,the complete seismic imaging technique stereoscopic seismic imaging that migrates surface seismic record,VSP record and cross hole record into same imaging space has been proposed.The nature of stereoscopic seismic imaging is that imaging process of surface seismic data,VSP data and reflected seismic data in the hole can be unified a pre stack depth migration process of wave equation and imaging resolution of each data can output independently at the same time. The results of model test show that due to different illuminant scope on object by each survey in process of stereoscopic seismic imaging,the image of geologic object can be strengthened and compensated and becomes more subtle.
出处
《石油地球物理勘探》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第5期517-525,共9页
Oil Geophysical Prospecting
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (代号 :4 9894 1 90 -2 4 )
