摘要
从多角度研究了杨梅资源的利用。浙江省有杨梅 3 8万hm2 ,年产量近 1 3万t,主产区为宁波、台州和温州等 3市 ,面积和产量分别占全省的 74 76%和 78 39%。县 (市 )中余姚杨梅面积最大 ,慈溪产量为最高。主产区大面积平均单产 7 50～ 9 75t·hm-2 ,小面积丰产林 45 0 0t·hm-2 ;大小年明显 ,小年减产 65 95%。杨梅树冠和树形有极强的阻截暴雨 ,减少地表径流以及蓄水能力 ,地表径流比草坡减少 1 1 % ,树冠下部凋落物平均厚度 5 5cm ,每株成年树可保存 0 30～ 0 69m3的降水量。根部有放线菌共生 ,能显著提高土壤肥力 ,提高与其混栽的经济树种产量和经济效益。杨梅适应性强 ,幼树耐阴 ,能在水土流失严重 ,土层瘠薄的砾质壤土与成土母质上生长 ,在残次松林、母树林和杂灌木丛中造林而不需破坏原有植被。同时介绍了各具特色的优良品种及果品营养成分和加工利用。表 6参
Utilization of Myrica rubra resources was studied from different aspects.Myrica rubra in Zhejiang occupies an area of 38 000 hm 2,with an approximate annual yield of 130 000.Ningbo,Taizhou and Wenzhou are the main producing homes,which account for 74 76% of the total in area and 78 39% of the total in yield of the whole province,respectively.In these main producing homes,most of the groves have an average yield of 7 5～9 75 t·hm -2 ,with some small groves producing 45 00 t·hm -2 red bayberries.There are big differences in yield between alternate years.The yield reduced by 65 95% every other year.The canopy of the species is strong in obstructing storms and reducing soil surface erosion and the water holding capacity.As a result,the surface erosion is less than that on the grassed slope by 11%;the litter under the canopy has a depth of 5 5 cm on the average;and each adult tree can hold 0 3～0 69 m 3 of rainfall.Actinomyces were found in the root system,which has markedly increased soil fertility,yield and the economic effect of the non timeber species that were mixedly planted with Myrica rubra. Myrica cubra has a strong adaptability.Its young trees are tolerant of shade and can be planted on soil with severe water cum soil losses,thin stony loam and soil forming parent rock.If reforestation is conducted in surviving pine groves,a grove of seed trees or miscellaneous shrubs,it wouldnt be necessary to destroy the original vegetation.In addition,superior cultivars with some characteristics,their nutrients,processing and utilization are also introduced here in this paper.
出处
《浙江林学院学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第2期155-160,共6页
Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College
关键词
杨梅
资源
生态效益
经济效益
利用
浙江
Myrica rubra
resources
ecological effect
economic effect
utilization
