摘要
采用纤维素膜技术研究了大蒜、洋葱、芹菜、丁香、花椒、大黄等 2 4种植物离体组织及其提取物(其中 8种中草药为水煎剂 ,16种其它植物为水浸剂 )对马铃薯晚疫病菌 ( Phytophthora infestans)静止胞萌发、附着胞形成及侵入丝形成的直接影响和提取物诱导块茎对晚疫病病菌侵入机构形成的影响 ,并在此基础上进一步就提取物免疫处理种薯、诱导成株期抗病性、增加块茎产量的影响做了初步探讨。在洋葱、葱、大蒜等 12种植物组织表面 ,静止胞萌发率明显低于对照 (擦镜纸 ) ,而且在 6种植物组织表面未见附着胞形成 ,10种植物组织表面未见侵入丝形成 ;在大蒜、韭菜等 13种植物组织提取液中 ,静止胞萌发率明显低于对照 (擦镜纸 ) ,其中 6种植物组织提取液中附着胞未见形成 ,7种植物组织提取液中侵入丝未见形成。经 8种植物组织提取物诱导处理的块茎切片 ,不仅保鲜期长 ,而且表现出较强的诱导抗性 ;静止胞萌发率、附着胞形成率及侵入丝形成率均明显低于对照 ;经 8种植物组织提取物诱导处理的种薯在出芽、早期生长、抗晚疫病及产量等各方面均优于对照 ,病害保护率达54%、增产率达 31%。
Plant tissues and their extracts from garlic,onion,celery,clove,wild pepper,rhubarb et al .twenty four species (at Chinese medicinal herbs decocted in distilled water and the other sixteen plants soaked in sterile distilled water) were used to test their effect on encysted zoospore germination (EZG), appressorium formation (AF), penetration hypha formation (PHF) of Phytophthora infestans by cellulose membrane technique. And the inducing effects of the extracts on the formation of penetration structure of P.infestanse were also carried out.On the basis of these tests,the effects of immunizing treatment of seed tubers,inducing the resistance of manure plants,increasing the yield of tuber were primarily discussed.Results showed that, the rates of EZG on the surfaces of twelve species of plant tissues were remarkably lower than those in control, appressorium and penetration hypha did not appear on the surfaces of six and ten species of plant tissues, respectively. In plant extracts of thirteen species, the rates of EZG were notable lower than those in control, the appressorium and penetration hypha could not be formed in six and seven species of plant extracts, respectively. Eight species of plant extracts were selected as the inducers to induce resistance of potato tuber slices and seed tubers against P.infestans. The immunization treatment of tuber slices with eight kinds of inducers could not only keep the tuber slices fresh for some time, but strengthen the ability of tuber slices to inhibit the formation of penetration structure of P.infestans. The rates of EZG, AF, and PHF of P.infestans on the surfaces of tuber slices treated were remarkably lower than those in control. The seed tubers treated with eight kinds of plant extracts were much better than control in budding, early growth, disease resistance, and tuber yield. And the disease protection was up to 54%, the yield increase was up to 31%. [WT5HZ]
出处
《植物病理学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第2期144-151,共8页
Acta Phytopathologica Sinica
基金
This work was supported by a Grant- in- Aid (No.96 Z110 2 ) from the Science and Technology Committeeof Hebei Province
Doctora
关键词
诱导抗性
马铃薯
致病疫霉
植物提取物
induced disease resistance
potato
phytophthora infestans
plant extracts
