摘要
河谷是集自然的精华与众多的人文景观于一体的带状地域 ,在山丘区的可持续发展战略中具有举足轻重的地位。在山丘区退化河流生态系统的恢复和洪水过后的灾后重建过程中 ,河谷土地的空间分异特征以及洪水干扰对河谷景观安全的制约作用 ,是确定河谷土地利用策略和指导河岸植被带建设的重要依据。本文以景观生态学原理为指导 ,调查了河北太行山地区的 7条河流 ,在全面分析主流河谷土地利用格局及 96.8洪灾格局的基础上 ,深入研究了太行山地区河谷土地的空间分异规律。以洪水干扰为主导因素 ,提出由上至下在纵向上把河谷划分为 5个区段 ,即上游侵蚀区 ,上中游侵蚀 -堆积区 ,中游侵蚀堆积区 ,中下游堆积 -侵蚀区 ,下游堆积区 ;由河道向两侧山体在横向上把河谷土地划分为弹性利用带、脆弱利用带和稳定利用带 3条土地带 。
River valley is a strip of zone in which the natural cream and numerous human landscapes are congregated.In Taihang mountain areas of Hebei province,river valley occupies only about 10 percent of the total area of mountain and hill region,but it gathers almost all the inhabitant construction land and farmland with the highest productivity level.River valley holds the key position in sustainable development strategy in the areas.On 4 th and 5 th August 1996,a great flooding rarely in the local history occurred in Tainhang mountain area in Hebei province.The losses from the flooding were serious in the riverine area.The comprehensive human activities led to the degradation of watershed environment and became the cause for the frequency flood.So the foundation of flood control and river ecological restoration is predicated on the scientific recognition to the rules of flood disaster and the spatial differentiation of valley lands,and also based on the establishment of adaptive policy.The core of the policy was to using lands reasonably to make the land use patterns adapt the spatial differentiation of valley lands and possible flood in the area.In this paper,using landscape theories and methods,the problem was studied. The outside inverstigation was performed from June to July in 1997 and May to June in 1998.Based on a case study of the 96.8 flood,the cahnges of valley lana use patterns were investigated completely.The main valleys of 7 rivers Yanzhi,Dasha,Beiliu,Banyu and Yaozi located in Fuping county,Beisha and Zhulong located in Yuanshi county,were selected to be the typical research locations.Walking down from headstream along the river,the status of land use and 96.8% flood disaster were surveyed by interviewing with local people who experienced the event.The status of land use was described by 4 phases of pre flood,during flood,after flood and present.Meanwhile the changes of land use patches,river characteristics and the range of land affected by flood were evaluated by land measuring and d
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第8期1329-1338,共10页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家科技部农业专项研究 (98-1 1 -1 0 )
河北省林业厅资助项目
