摘要
目的掌握林芝地区结核疫情现状,为制定结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样方法进行抽样,对抽取的15岁及以上5651人常住居民进行问卷调查、结核病可疑症状调查、X线胸片、痰涂片检查和诊断,分析林芝地区结核病流行情况。结果林芝地区居民活动性肺结核病患病率为760.9/10万,涂阳肺结核患病率为153.9/10万。主要流行特征表现为,男性活动性肺结核患病率(1 119.3/10万)高于女性(457.5/10万)(χ2=8.14,P<0.05);60岁以上老年人群患病率(3 225.8/10万)高于非老年人群(χ2=12.61,P<0.05);农村(1 138.6/10万)高于城镇(140.3/10万)(χ2=17.54,P<0.05);藏族(867.1/10万)高于其他民族(289.0/10万)(P=0.03)。活动性肺结核患病率较1992年下降了68.3%。结论 1992-2010年间林芝地区结核病疫情继续呈现下降趋势,防治工作取得了显著成效。但林芝地区结核病患病率显著高于全国平均水平,结核病疫情形势仍然严峻。因此,应继续加强结核病防控工作,特别是加强对高发人群和地区的防治。
Objective To study the epidemiological features of tuberculosis （TB） in Nyingchi in order to provide scientific basis for formulating TB control program. Methods A total of 5651 permanent residents with age of 15 years old and above were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method, and were investigated by questionnaires; inspection of suspicious tuberculosis symptoms, chest X - ray radiograph and sputum smear test were comprehensively conducted. Results The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis and positive tuberculosis in sputum smear test were 760.9/10^5 and 153.9/10^5, respectively. The prevalence of TB in male （1119.3/105） was higher than that in the female （457.5/105） （X2= 8.14, P〈0.05）. Theprevafence of TB in the people of over 60 years old （3225.8/ 105） was much higher than that in other populations （X2= 12.61, P〈0.05）. The prevalence of TB in rural areas （ 1138.6/105 ） and Tibetan residents （867.1/105） were higher than those in cities and towns （140. 3/105） （x^2 = 17.54, P 〈0.05） and other nationalities （289.0/10s） （P 〈 0.05）. Compared with 1992, the prevalence of active tuberculosis in the area decreased by 68.3%. Conclusion The TB prevalence declined gradually from 1992 to 2010 in Nyingehi, indicating a remarkable progress in TB control. However, the incidence of TB in Nyingchi is markedly higher than the national average level. Thus, the prevention and control of TB in Nyingchi, especially in the populations and areas with high prevalence, should be reinforced.
出处
《预防医学情报杂志》
CAS
2014年第2期150-153,共4页
Journal of Preventive Medicine Information
基金
广东省珠海市疾控中心
关键词
结核
肺
流行病学
患病率
抽样调查
tuberculosis
pulmonary/epidemiology
prevalence
sampling survey
