摘要
在漫长的生物演化过程中,蝙蝠演化出了能飞行和高度适应生存环境的生物声纳系统和行为.蝙蝠属于哺乳动物纲的翼手目(Chiroptera),是唯一能真正飞行的哺乳动物,其种类超过1000种,位列哺乳类动物的第二大目.根据其体型大小和形态特征将其分成大蝙蝠亚目(Megachiroptera)和小蝙蝠亚目(Microchiroptera).对蝙蝠的研究具有重要的科学意义和实际应用价值,如在听感觉方面与人类共享听觉的某些基本原理,研究结果有助于认识人类听觉.它们发出的回声定位信号规整,便于模拟后用于研究听觉系统对声信号加工的机制,尤其是在听中枢对复杂声信号处理方面,认识其细胞和分子机制才刚开始,它们是极好的模型动物.另外,在仿生学方面也具有极其重要的价值,回声定位蝙蝠的生物声纳系统具有极高的时间和空间分辨率,是极具诱惑力的研究课题.有关恒频-调频蝙蝠听觉结构和功能的研究,已有相当的时日,获得了不少新的认识,窥探到敏锐的听觉与回声定位行为之间的某些适应性的机制,本文对这方面的研究进展做了简要介绍和评述.
The evolution makes bats have abilities of flying, echolocating and highly adaptating to living surroundings. Bats, as the only true flying mammals, belong to the Chiroptera, ranking the second order of the mammals with more than 1000 species. They are classified into Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera according to their size and morphological characteristics of the body. Because bats share some basic principles with human in auditory perception, the researches of bats can provide helpful information to understand the hearing of human. The echolocation signals emitted by bats are regular and can be easily imitated to study the mechanism of the signal processing in the central auditory system, especially in the processing of complex acoustic signals, bats is an excellent model animal. Moreover, the biosonar system of echolocation bats with very high temporal and spatial resolution has very important value in bionics, which is a very interesting topic. The study on auditory structure and function of CF-FM （ constant frequency-frequency modulation） bats has gone through a considerable time and achieved numerous new understanding, some adaptive mechanisms of the acute auditory system to echolocation behavior are also revealed. Therefore,the research progress in relation to the auditory system and echolocation of CF-FM bats are briefly introduced and reviewed in this article.
出处
《生物化学与生物物理进展》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期542-550,共9页
Progress In Biochemistry and Biophysics
基金
国家自然科学基金(31200832)
华中师范大学基本科研业务费(CCNU13A05027)资助项目~~
