摘要
在总结前人分类的基础上,将湿地生态系统服务分为中间服务和最终服务两部分,以最终服务的价值作为湿地生态系统服务的总价值。以若尔盖高寒湿地为例,筛选其最终服务和评价指标体系,运用市场价值法、替代成本法和旅行费用法等价值评价方法,定量评估了2011年若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统的服务价值。结果表明,2011年若尔盖高寒湿地生态系统服务总价值为176.9×108元,单位面积服务价值为10.4×104元/hm2。在所评价的8项最终服务中,大气调节价值最大,占总服务价值的44.3%,其后依次为调蓄洪水价值、休闲娱乐价值、固碳价值、供水价值、物质生产价值、土壤保持价值和科研教育价值。若尔盖高寒湿地不仅是黄河上游重要的蓄洪区,同时在大气调节和固碳等方面对人们生产、生活有较大影响。
Wetland ecosystem services are the benefits people obtain from the wetlands. Now, classification and evaluation of wetland ecosystem services are the important parts of wetland ecosystem services research, but most previous researches were based on the classification of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment （MA）, which can lead to double counting. In this article, wetland ecosystem services were divided into intermediate services and final services, and the value of final services was the total value of ecosystem services. The intermediate services were similar to the supporting services of MA, through combined ways to provide final services. Final services were similar to the cultural services and provisioning services of MA, with direct effects on human welfare. Benefits of external things were referred as impact on human well-being, such as more food and less flood. The only criterion to determine final services was that the services have direct contribution to human well-being. Taking the alpine wetlands in Zoig6 Plateau as an example, the final services included flood protection service, recreation service, carbon sequestration service, water supply service, substance production service, soil conservation service, and gas regulation service. Intermediate services included net primary productivity service, nutrient cycling service, water regulation service, habitat service, water storage service and waste treatment service. Then the evaluation system was established, and the total value of ecosystem services of the alpine wetlands in Zoige Plateau was accounted by market method, replacement cost method, travel cost method, and other environmental economic evaluation methods. The results indicated that the total value of ecosystem services of the alpine wetlands in Zoig6 Plateau was 17.69 billion Yuan RMB in 2011, almost 10.4× 10^4 Yuan RMB per hectare. The value of gas regulation service was about 7.844 billion Yuan, which was the greatest among the indexes, and accounts for 44.3% of the total value. Flood
出处
《湿地科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期273-278,共6页
Wetland Science
基金
林业公益性行业科研专项项目(201204201)资助
关键词
生态系统
最终服务
价值评价
若尔盖湿地
ecosystem
final services
valuation
wetlands in Zoige Plateau
