摘要
公共服务动机的文化差异不仅在于水平高低,还可能存在结构和内涵的差异,因此有必要进行文化本位研究。文章通过对已有理论框架和测量维度的分析,提出了公共服务动机心理成分理论框架。在此基础上,发现中国传统文化中"仁、义、和、中"分别与西方公共服务动机测量中的四维度(三成分)相互呼应:同情怜悯(情感动机)、公共责任(规范动机)、决策参与(理性动机)和自我牺牲,但在内涵上存在本质差异。此外,中国传统文化中的"大我、德、君子"等思想,远远超越了西方的公共服务动机研究,这是中国人公共服务动机发展之根。未来研究需进一步调查中国人公共服务动机的现状,并探索中国文化中公共服务动机的测量方法和激励设计。
The existing cross-cultural researches of Public Service Motivation （PSM） suggested that the cultural differences not only existed in PSM level, but also in its structure and connotation. Thus emic study must be employed in PSM research in cultures other than America. This study proposed a new theoretical framework, which suggested that the psychological structure of PSM, including four components： affective, cognitive, volitional, and behavioral, was cross-culturally universal; However, the connotation of each specific component of PSM was cross-culturally diverse. This framework could integrate cross-cultural study and emic study. Based on this framework, this study tried to review the core concepts relative to PSM in traditional Chinese culture. It was found that ＂Ren, Yi, He, and Zhong＂ in Chinese echo in structure, but differ in connotation, with respectively the four dimensions （also three theoretical components） of PSM in western culture. Moreover, the concepts of ＂Greater Self, De, Junzi＂ exceed studies in western culture. These emic connotations were the root of the development of Chinese PSM. Future study should investigate the actual status of PSM in Chinese, and explore relevant measurement of PSM suitable for ＂modem＂ Chinese culture.
出处
《心理研究》
2014年第3期14-21,共8页
Psychological Research
基金
河南省教育厅2012年度人文社科研究应用对策专项(DC048)
河南省教育厅2012年度人文社科规划项目(2012-GH-153)
河南师范大学2011科研启动课题(11163)
关键词
公共服务动机
中国
文化
public service motivation
Chinese
culture
