摘要
亲本是作物育种的基础,骨干亲本指同一时期用于育种的亲本中在同样的世代内衍生的品种(系)数量较多,种植面积较大的育种材料。确定骨干亲本不但能够了解育种历史和亲本的贡献,而且对育种也有重要指导作用。本文分析了以往确定骨干亲本时存在的主要问题,提出评定骨干亲本应该有一定的规范,即对同时代育成品种(系)和同衍生世代量化比较。以水稻数据库中我国育成的2398份水稻品种(系)为依据,按亚种分类,育成年代分组,以连续3代衍生的品种(系)数量及其种植面积为参数,分析育成品种在后续育种研究中的应用状况,在此基础上,采用量化评选的方法,评选出我国20世纪下半叶用于水稻育种的骨干亲本,其中籼稻26个,粳稻23个。本文以水稻为例提出了评选骨干亲本的原则和方法,并对今后选择育种亲本和提高育种效率提出了一些建议。
Parent is the basis of crop breeding, while backbone parent refers to the breeding material that derives many varieties （lines） and owns large planting area within the same generation of breeding parents in the same period. Determining backbone parents will not only enable us to learn breeding history and parental contribution, but also play an important role in guiding practical breeding. We try to establish an objective methodology of assessing backbone parents. This paper analyzed main problems in determining backbone parents in the past, and suggested that certain norm should be followed to assess backbone parents, that is to say, carrying out quantitative comparison of improved varieties （lines） in the same period and the same derivative generations. A total of 2398 rice varieties （lines） in Chinese rice database were classified based on subspecies and grouped according to breeding time. The quantities of varieties （lines） and planting areas for three generations continuously were used as parameters to analyze the application of improved varieties in the further breeding research. On this basis, 49 backbone parents, including 26 parents of indica rice and 23 parents of japonica rice, for rice breeding in the second half of the 20th century were selected by adopting quantitative assessment method. Taking rice as an example, the paper brought forward assessment principle and method of backbone parent, and also provided some suggestions about choosing breeding parents and improving breeding efficiency in the future.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期973-983,共11页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203029
201003016
201203031)资助
关键词
骨干亲本
育成年代
衍生世代
种植面积
量化评选
水稻
Backbone parent
Breeding time
Derivative generation
Planting area
Quantitative assessment
Rice
