摘要
【目的】估算四川省农村剩余劳动力数量,为科学制定农业农村经济发展政策、合理配置农村劳动力资源提供参考。【方法】以当前农业劳动力生产率水平为标准,从种植业和养殖业两个部分估算农业生产实际所需要的劳动力数量,进而根据全省农村劳动力资源总量和已转移劳动力数量估算剩余劳动力数量。【结果】在每个农业劳动力年实际劳动时间为250、300和320个工作日情形下,2012年四川省农村剩余劳动力数量分别为-165.29万、17.04万和74.01万人,从总体上判断,四川省农村劳动力供给将出现短缺,"刘易斯转折点"已经到来。【建议】加大农业支持保护力度,尽快实行农产品目标价格制度,加大农业基础设施投入,加快政策性农业保险发展,从而提高农业比较效益,增强农业对优质劳动力的吸引力;加强农村基础教育、农业职业教育和技能培训,提高农业劳动力素质;加快推进农业机械化和自动化水平,降低种养业的劳动力需求,以确保四川省农业可持续发展。
[ Objective ]Sichuan surplus rural labor population amount was estimated to provide references for scientifically formulating rural economy development policies and reasonably allocating rural labor. [Method]With present agricultural labor as the standard, the amount of labor for actual agricultural production was estimated from the aspects of farming and aquacul- ture. Then the surplus labor amount was estimated based on the total amount of the whole province rural labor and the amount of the transferred labor. [Result]When every rural worker actually worked for 250 days, 300 days and 320 days, the amount of Sichuan rural surplus labor was -1.6529 million, 0.1794 million and 0.7401 million. Judging from the overall situation, rural labor shortage would appear in Sichuan Province and Lewis Turning-Point of rural surplus labor in Sichuan Province has came. [Suggestion]To guarantee sustainable agricultural development in Sichuan Province, a slew of suggestions should be adopted, which included intensifying the support and protection for agriculture, carrying out the target-price system as soon as possible, increasing the input of agricultural infrastructure, speeding up the development of political agricultural insurance, improving agriculture comparative profit, strengthening agricultural attraction to high-quality workforce, enhancing rural basic educa- tion, agricultural vocational education and skill training, improving rural labor quality, accelerating agricultural mechaniza- tion and automation and reducing labor demand from crop production.
出处
《南方农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期704-708,共5页
Journal of Southern Agriculture
基金
四川省软科学基金项目(2012ZR0072
2014ZR0129)
四川省财政基因工程项目(2012QNJJ-005)
关键词
剩余劳动力
数量
估算
政策建议
四川省
surplus labor
amount
estimation
policy and suggestion
Sichuan Province
