摘要
通过回顾"空间与重大灾害"国际宪章(Charter)的发展历程、启动方式、运行机制及数据政策等情况,深入分析了Charter启动情况和中国应用案例。在此基础上,总结了目前Charter机制存在的主要问题,包括多灾并发及重灾频发时,Charter机制中存在启动条件缺乏、专题数据服务范围有限、统一调度系统尚未建立以及智能空间数据库管理系统需要优化等问题,因此造成了遥感数据的获取时效低、类型单一和自动化程度不高等问题。据此,提出了一种灾害事件和灾害过程驱动下的针对特定目标、解除时间窗口约束的动态自动化数据获取优化方案。结果表明:该方案能统筹用户需求、加强卫星调度,保障了多源数据获取的时效性和准确性,避免了数据冗余。
The development,activation,operating mechanism and data policy of international Charter were described in this paper. The activation and application cases aimed at investigating the disaster in China were analyzed. Then the main problems existent in Charter were summarized in the situation of concurrent multi-disaster and frequent severe disaster, which include the lack of activation condition and uniform operation system, the insufficient thematic data service, and the imperfect intellectual space databases system. These problems have led to the low efficiency in data acquisition, simple data type, and lower degree of automation. In order to solve these problems, this paper presented a dynamic and automatic data acquisition program aimed at the specific target, which can release time window constrains during the different disaster events and disaster processes. The results indicated that this program can pay more attention to the satellite scheduling and users＇ needs so as to ensure the timeliness and accuracy of multi-source data acquisition and avoid the data redundancy.
出处
《国土资源遥感》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期190-195,共6页
Remote Sensing for Land & Resources
基金
国家科技支撑计划项目"灾害应急综合管理与应用系统"(编号:2012AA121305)
中国科学院数字地球重点实验室开放基金项目"基于高光谱的灌溉农业区农业旱灾风险评估研究"共同资助
