摘要
施米特政治宪法理论是其保守主义政治思想体系的重构成,也是魏玛德国国家法理论流派中极具挑战性的一支.施米特理论具有明确的魏玛宪制处境,基于对魏玛代议制之思想基础、制度安排与实践表现的全面批判,重申了民主的同质性原理,弱化了民主的自由主义程序属性,为其政治决断论、绝对宪法论和领袖护宪论的连贯性理论建构提供了历史和思想前提.施米特政治宪法理论以其独特的政治概念和宪法概念为逻辑支点,以非常政治为情境预设,以政治同质性和单一领袖人格为理想目标,形成了相对系统的理论体系.该体系具有浓厚的政治神学背景,缺乏可资借鉴的“转型原理”,但在政治宪法核心概念与分析体系上具有重的思想和方法论启示.
Carl Schmitt's theory of political constitution constitutes a significant part of his system of conservative political thought, which also severs as an outstanding branch of constitutional schools in Weimar Germany. Within specific circumstances of Weimar Constitution, he restated the doctrine of democratic homogeneity based upon the whole criticism on the theoretical foundation, institutional arrangement and practical performance of Weimar representative system, which aimed to weaken the liberal procedural characteristics of democracy and served as the historical and theoretical premise of the coherent theoretical construction for the theories of political decision, absolute constitution and leader as constitutional guardian. Carl Schmitt's theory of political constitution has come into being a systematic theory, which accepts special conceptions of politics and constitution as logical pivots, sets up abnormal politics as basic circumstances and takes political homogeneity/ single leader personality as ideal goals. This theoretical system has heavy background of political theology and lacks "transitional doctrine" for learning and application, but has significant theoretical and methodological revelations in nuclear conceptions and analytic system of political constitution.
出处
《南京大学法律评论》
CSSCI
2014年第1期15-35,共21页
Nanjing University Law Review
关键词
政治宪法理论
代议制
民主同质性
区分敌我
政治决断
The Theory of Political Constitution
Representative System
Democratic Homogeneity
Distinguishing Between Enemy and Friend
Political Decision