摘要
小麦条锈菌新小种的产生并成为优势小种是造成品种抗锈性丧失及历次条锈病大流行的先决因素。为了系统监测小麦条锈菌生理小种的变异,对2010-2012年采自甘肃省28个县(市)的1 008份小麦条锈菌标样进行了鉴定。结果表明:2010、2011和2012年分别监测到30、23和25个生理小种和致病类型,优势小种仍为CYR33和CYR32,其中CYR33出现频率分别为19.06%、29.88%和16.29%;CYR32出现频率分别为24.49%、16.69%和30.57%;其次为2010年首次监测到的感染‘贵农22’的新致病类型G22-9,其出现频率分别为2.81%、7.99%和10.86%,在2012年已上升为继CYR33和CYR32之后的第三位小种类型;同时在2011年监测到新致病类型G22-14,其出现频率也较高,分别为7.40%和2.57%。感染‘贵农22’新菌系的出现及扩展,标志着我国小麦条锈菌群体结构又一次发生重大变异,应引起育种和推广部门的高度重视。
New pathogenic type of Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici is the dominant factor causing the resistance loss of cultivars and the pandemics of this disease.To monitor the variation of fungus in Gansu Province,1 008 samples were collected from 28 counties （cities） and identified on 19 universal differential hosts from 2010 to 2012.The results showed that 30,23 and 25 physiological races （pathogenic types） were identified in 2010,2011 and 2012,respectively.CYR33 and CYR32 were the predominant races for their occurrence frequencies of 19.06%,29.88%,16.29% and 24.49%,16.69%,30.57%,respectively.The occurrence frequency of the new pathogenic type G22-9 which appeared in 2010 increased from 2.81% to 10.86%.At the same time,the occurrence frequency of the new pathogenic type G22-14 which was detected in 2011 was also high （7.40% and 2.57%）.The emergence and extension of new pathogenic types marked a significant variation of the group of P.striiformnis f.sp.tritici in China,to which more attention must be paid by breeding and promotion departments.
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期101-105,116,共6页
Plant Protection
基金
国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(31260414
31160349)
"十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD19B04)
关键词
小麦
条锈菌
生理小种
致病类型
wheat
Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici
physiological race
pathogenic type
