摘要
针对南方气候特点、草地资源类型、羊的生活习性和农村生产需求,设计了一种基于草-羊平衡的标准化生产体系理念的生态移动式养羊场(文中简称生态型移动牧场),该生态型移动牧场具有总投资较小、设施造价低、小环境优良、可随意移动、单元化管理和标准化生产等特点,并初步在安徽、贵州和湖北等省试验示范。为了进一步探究其在南方地区的适用性,选择南方地区常见的双坡式漏缝地板有窗封闭羊舍全舍饲模式作对照,在南方最不利于肉羊生产的时期(炎热潮湿的7月份),以安徽白山羊为研究对象,研究了两种生产模式下的羊舍小气候环境参数、羊只血清生化指标、羊群增重效果、羊群发病情况和预期经济效益,对比分析结果表明:生态型移动牧场内移动羊舍小气候日平均温度、二氧化碳浓度均显著低于有窗封闭羊舍(P<0.05),相对湿度、温湿指数、氨气浓度均极显著低于有窗封闭羊舍(P<0.01),而气流速度极显著高于有窗封闭羊舍(P<0.01),说明生态型移动牧场移动羊舍小气候环境质量明显优于有窗封闭羊舍;生态型移动牧场饲养模式下羊只尿素氮值极显著低于有窗封闭羊舍全舍饲模式下的(P<0.01);而羊群增重效果显著高于有窗封闭羊舍全舍饲模式下的(P<0.05);生态型移动牧场饲养模式下羊群发病率很低、估算预期经济效益却较高。综合分析认为,生态型移动牧场是南方地区较理想的一种肉羊生产模式。
According to the characteristics of climate,rangeland resources,goats＇ living habits and the requirement of rural production in Southern China,a movable ecological goat pasture （eco-mobile pasture for short） was devised based on the idea of grass-goats balance.The eco-mobile pasture has the characteristics of smaller investment,low cost of facilities,excellent microclimate,random movement,unitized management and standardized production,and had been experimented and demonstrated in the provinces of Anhui,Guizhou.In order to investigate the applicability of eco-mobile pasture in southern china,it was compared with the control group with the double-sloped airtight goat houses with windows and slatted floor,the most commonly seen type of goat house in Southern China.with Anhui white goat being the research subject object,this study studied the microclimatic environmental parameter,serum biochemical indices of goats,weight gain of goats,morbidity of goats and the expected economic benefits in July when the weather was the most adverse for goat production.The results showed that：the daily average temperature in the microclimate and carbon dioxide of the movable goat farms were significantly lower than that of the airtight goat houses with windows（P＜0.05）,and the relative humidity and temperature humidity index were also highly significantly lower（P＜0.01）,While airflow velocity was significantly higher（P＜ 0.01）.The results showed that the environmental quality of the microclimatic was obviously better than airtight goat houses with windows; BUN value of goats raised in Ecological mobile pasture was highly significant lower than in the airtight goat houses with windows （P＜0.01） ; the average daily weight gain of goats in the former was obviously higher than that in the later（P＜0.05） ; the morbidity of goats in the former was lower than that in the later,while the expected economic benefits was higher.The comprehensive analysis indicated that eco mobile pasture was a model ideal for m
出处
《家畜生态学报》
北大核心
2014年第4期67-73,共7页
Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology
基金
国家现代肉羊产业技术体系专项(11004986)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303145)
关键词
生态型移动牧场
羊舍小气候环境
血清生化指标
南方草地
eco-mobile pasture
microclimatic environment of goat house
biochemistry parameters
grassland of southern China
