摘要
表观遗传学（epigenetics）是指DNA序列不发生变化但基因表达的水平和功能发生了可遗传的改变,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白共价修饰、非编码RNA调控、基因印记等.这种调控机制的基因型未变而表型改变,并在细胞的分裂、增生及之后的发育过程中均能稳定地传递下去,并可引起相应的病理生理变化.本文重点讨论DNA甲基化和组蛋白质修饰、非编码RNA调控,并就其在眼球发育、眼科疾病的发病和潜在的治疗机制研究进展进行综述.
The concept of epigenetics was first proposed by Waddington in 1942,referring to phenotypic changes that are not related to the underlying DNA methylation,histone modifications,no-coding microRNA interference,etc.This regulatory mechanism of unchanged genotype and changed phenotype as well as passed on during cell division,proliferation and development can cause the pathologic response including inflammation,neoplasia,aging,and neurodegeneration.This paper mainly focuses on DNA methylation,histone modification,no-coding microRNA interference,and is an overview of epigenetics research progress in mechanism of eye development and ocular diseases.
出处
《国际眼科纵览》
2014年第2期80-86,共7页
International Review of Ophthalmology
