摘要
本研究选取初二、高二、大三三个年龄阶段的被试,考察在句子阅读过程中,工作记忆容量、语境限制强度和句子长度对第二语言词汇学习的影响。研究结果发现,在句子阅读条件下,工作记忆容量是影响第二语言词汇学习的重要因素,高工作记忆容量促进了第二语言词汇的学习;在中等和长句子的条件下,语境的限制性越强,词汇学习的成绩越好;相比初二年龄组被试,高二和大三年龄组被试,在低语境限制性的条件下,阅读的句子越长,第二语言词汇学习效果越差。研究结果说明,个体工作记忆的容量,以及阅读材料等变量都是影响自然阅读条件下第二语言词汇学习的重要因素。
Studies show that reading is one of the most effective ways of vocabulary - learning, no matter whether you have been ex- posed to the target language or not. It has been proved by some researchers that L2 learners may acquire the meanings of novel words from the sentence context during reading. But neither have they compared the difference of subjects＇ performance between different types of sentence length nor between different types of context constraint, and therefore their work has left us with questions. As a matter of fact, context constraint is such a powerful factor that it can have great impacts on semantic and syntactic processing in sentence compre- hension according to some studies. We propose that both context constraint and sentence length are important factors in indirect vocabu- lary learning. Furthermore, working memory has been considered as an important part in some advanced cognitive processes, such as reading, comprehension, reasoning. Some studies do find some relationships between working memory capacity and L2 word knowledge, language production or vocabulary semantic extraction. But still no study has focused on the role of working memory when learning words via reading. In this study, we presented an experiment to explore whether working memory capacity, sentence length and context con- straint affect the performance of vocabulary learning while reading in L2, and how exactly they work. We tested three different age groups with average ages of 14, 17 and 21 respectively. All subjects were required to finish a vocabu- lary - learning task after they completed the working memory operation span task. We made reading materials different in 3 types of sen- tence length and 2 types of context constraint, and divided the subjects of each age group into two groups according to their working memory span scores. For those who came from the middle or the eldest age group, the results showed that working memory capacity did have a significant relationship with their performance in the vocabulary
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第3期649-655,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
"国家社会科学基金项目(11BYY039)"
中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金和教育部新世纪优秀人才(NECT-11-0028)项目
应用实验心理北京市重点实验室的资助
关键词
第二语言
工作记忆
语境限制强度
句子长度
second language, working memory capacity, context constraint, sentence length
