摘要
目的:调查评估中国城市学龄前孤独症儿童家庭面临的职业和经济负担。方法:对235个孤独症儿童家庭和235个典型发育儿童家庭进行了调查。使用自制的调查问卷收集职业和经济负担的相关资料。使用Zarit护理负担量表(ZBI)调查了儿童的照顾负担。结果:33%孤独症儿童的父母反映,儿童的照顾问题严重影响了他们的职业;而对照组仅有6%的父母反映存在上述问题。孤独症组的职业受损风险至少为对照组的7倍(OR:7.791;95%CI:4.232-14.345)。孤独症组的年收入显著低于对照组($81,000 VS$112,039,P<0.001),年平均损失收入为$30,957元,使其更难位于高收入家庭的行列(OR:0.319;95%CI:0.220-0.462)。孤独症家庭用于儿童教育培训的年平均费用显著高于对照组($44,130 VS$15,193,P<0.001)。扣除教育培训费用后,孤独症家庭的纯收入仅为对照组的38%,组间差异具有显著性(P<0.001)。结论:孤独症会给学龄前儿童家庭带来沉重的职业和经济负担。有必要投入更多的社会和医疗资源以支持这些家庭。
Objective： To evaluate the employment and financial burdens of families with preschool-aged children diag- nosed with autism. Methods： 235 autism families and 235 control families with normal children were investigated in the present study. Employment and financial burdens of these families were evaluated by self-made questionnaire. Results： Thirty-three percent of autism families reported that childcare problems had greatly affected their employment decisions, compared with 6% of control family （P〈0.001）. The risk for unemployment in autism family was at least 7 times more than that in normal family（OR： 7.791; 95% CI： 4.232-14.345）. The annual income of autism families was significant lower than control families（P〈0.00]）. Moreover, mean annual cost of education in autism families was significantly higher than control family（P〈0.001）. The net income（after education expenses） of autism families was 38% of that in control families with signif- icant group differences（P〈0.001）. Conclusion： Families with preschool-aged autism children have heavy employment and financial burden. More social and medical resources should be offered to support such families.
出处
《中国临床心理学杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期295-297,361,共4页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology
关键词
孤独症
家庭
职业负担
经济负担
Autism
Family
Employment burdens
Financial burdens
