摘要
为研究列车运行过程中制动盘泵风特性，建立了列车、轨道、制动盘及其附近空气流场的有限元模型，采用动网格流固耦合仿真方法，计算了制动盘泵风功耗，分析了制动盘泵风对牵引功率的影响。以运行速度为300 km＆#183;h-1的4动4拖8辆编组列车为例，进行了制动盘泵风效应的仿真与对比分析。分析结果表明：制动盘泵风功耗与列车运行速度成正比，每辆车泵风功耗为54～70 kW，泵风阻力矩与制动盘安装位置无关，主要受制动盘转动速度影响；随列车运行速度的提高，制动盘泵风功耗占比略有下降，当列车运行速度由200 km＆#183;h-1提高为400 km＆#183;h-1时，制动盘泵风功耗占比由12％降低为8％；封堵制动盘进风口可以降低泵风功耗的影响，当列车运行速度为300 km＆#183;h-1时，封堵制动盘进风口后，列车制动盘泵风功耗由原来的489 kW降低为68 kW，泵风功耗占基本阻力功耗的比例由原来的9．0％降低为1．3％，改善效果显著。可见，从泵风功耗角度探索优化高速列车制动盘散热筋结构具有较大的现实意义。
To study the air-pumping characteristics of brake disc during train operation,the finite element models including vehicle,rail,brake disc and related air flow field were put forward. The air-pumping power consumption of brake disc was calculated,and its effect on traction power was analyzed by using dynamic grid and flow-solid conjugation simulation method.Taking a 8-unit high-speed train composed of 4 motor cars and 4 trailers running at 300 km ＆#183; h-1 as an example,the air-pumping effect of brake disc was simulated and compared.Simulation result indicates that the air-pumping power consumption of brake disc is in proportion to train running speed.The air-pumping power consumption of each car is about 54-70 kW.The air-pumping torque,independent of installation position of brake disc,is mainly influenced by the rotational velocity of brake disc.The proportion of air-pumping power consumption of brake disc reduces with the increase of train running velocity.When train running velocity increases from 200 km＆#183;h-1 to 400 km＆#183;h-1 ,the proportion of air-pumping power consumption reduces from 12% to 8%. Blocking air from the inlets of brake discs is helpful to reduce the influence of air-pumping power consumption.Taking the train running at 300 km＆#183;h-1 as an example,when the inlets of brake discs are blocked,the air-pumping power consumption of brake disc reduces from 489 kW to＆amp;nbsp;68 kW,the basic resistance power consumption consumed by air-pumping power consumption reduces from 9. 0% to 1. 3%,so the method is effective.Obviously,it has greater realistic meanings for the cooling rib structure optimization of brake disc of high-speed train in considering the air-pumping power consumption issue.2 tabs,10 figs,15 refs.
出处
《交通运输工程学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第2期34-40,74,共8页
Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61004077)
关键词
高速列车
制动盘
泵风效应
泵风功耗
空气流场
数值仿真
high-speed train
brake disc
air-pumping effect
air-pumping power consumption
air flow field
numerical simulation
