摘要
基于1998-2005年中国工业企业的统计信息,本文利用倍差法考察了入世前后出口贸易对企业生产率变动的影响及其变化趋势,我们发现企业的出口学习效应依赖于经济发展阶段和市场环境的变化。实证结果证实:尽管出口贸易对中国企业的生产效率有一定的促进作用,但是这种影响在中国加入WTO后表现出明显的下降趋势;分样本估计的结果还显示,外资企业和低技术密集型行业的出口学习效应下降最严重,入世后它们的出口学习效应几乎不存在。因此,要想实现中国出口贸易的长期、高质量发展,我们必须重视出口结构的优化,鼓励内资企业"走出去",提高引入外资的质量,实现出口产品的技术升级。
We use a large dataset of Chinese manufacturing firms over the period of 1998 -2005 to analyze the econometric effects of export entry on productivity under different stages of development. Using procedures of Difference - in - Differences, we explicitly estimate and compare the learning -by -export effects. And we find that export entry is associated with significantly higher ex - post productivity growth compared with non - entrants during the period of 1998 - 2005, but the gains from learning - by - export significantly decline for foreign firms and low - tech industries. Furthermore, investments in human capital and equipment also improve the productivity and their effects are gaining greatly as the development of export.
出处
《经济评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期75-86,共12页
Economic Review
基金
国家社科基金重大项目"经济全球化调整期的国际保护主义发展新趋势及我国的应对策略研究"(项目号:12&ZD087)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"新型国际分工
全球经济失衡及中国的对策研究"(项目号:12YJC790151)支持
关键词
制造业企业
出口学习效应
倍差法
Manufacturing Firms
Learning - by - Export Effect
Difference - in - Differences
