摘要
在经典的存在生境破坏的集合种群模型的基础之上,考虑了关联乘性色噪声和加性白噪声对集合种群稳定性和平均灭绝时间的影响.应用Fokker-Planck方程得到了系统的稳态概率密度函数的解析表达式,利用平均首次通过时间的定义和最快下降法,得到了平均灭绝时间的表达式.对计算结果的数值分析表明:(1)加性白噪声强度Q的增加弱化了集合种群系统的稳定性,即内部噪声的增加对集合种群产生消极影响;(2)乘性色噪声强度D起到弱化集合种群稳定性的作用,即外界环境的波动对种群产生不利影响;(3)乘性色噪声自关联时间τ的增加增强了集合种群系统的稳定性,即τ可以使集合种群占据生境斑块的比例增加,并促使xs位置处占据生境斑块的比例的概率增加,对集合种群生存繁衍起到有利作用;(4)当两噪声之间的互关联为负关联(λ<0)时,T(xs→x0)是关于D的单调减函数,即|λ|的增加弱化了集合种群的稳定性;当噪声间正关联(λ>0)时,T(xs→x0)是关于D的非单调函数,随着D的增大,T(xs→x0)出现类似共振峰的极大值,表现出"随机共振"的现象;(5)T(xs→x0)是关于τ的单调增函数.
The stability and mean extinction time for a metapopulation system driven by cross-correlated noises are investigated based on the Levins model.The stationary probability distribution is derived according to the Fokker-Planck equation.By virtue of the steepest decent method,the explicit expression of the mean extinction time is obtained.The numerical results show that additive white noise intensity Q weaken the stability of metapopulation,meaning that the internal noises have negative effect on the metapopulation.Also the multiplicative colored noise intensity D weaken the stability of metapopulation,meaning that the fluctuation of the external noises is harmful to the metapopulation.On the contrary,the stability of metapopulation is strengthed as the self correlation time of the multiplicative colored noiseτ increasing.Furthermore,the mean extinction time T(xs → x0) is a decreasing function of D when λ <0,while a non-monotonic function of D whenλ >0,and there exists a maximal value as D varies.Meantime,T(xs --→ x0) is a increasing function of τ.
出处
《华中师范大学学报(自然科学版)》
CAS
北大核心
2014年第2期190-196,共7页
Journal of Central China Normal University:Natural Sciences
基金
湖北省高等学校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划(T201204)
湖北省教育厅重点科学技术研究项目(D20121203)