摘要
我国正处在快速城市化阶段,古城或古镇正面临城市化和旅游业的双重压力,古城风貌和景观美学受到影响。以世界文化遗产丽江古城所在地——丽江盆地为研究对象,按照大研古镇-丽江新城-郊区的梯度设置评价样点,采用评分法(SBE-Scenic beauty estimation procedure)进行景观美学评价。结果显示:参加评价的男性与女性显示出性别间的细小差异,两个曲线的趋势基本一致,其中最大值和最小值均由男性评价者产生。丽江古城的三大古镇中,束河古镇的景观美学评价值最高,为6.79,白沙古镇的景观美学评价值为5.82,大研古镇景观美学评价值为5.68。大研古镇与丽江新城交错带的景观美学评价均值为4.9,丽江新城区的平均值均值为4.03,玉龙县城的均值为3.88,评价分值最低点在玉龙新县城,为2.36。在世界文化遗产核心区大研古镇到郊区的梯度上,整个评价曲线呈V型,中间低,两边高的趋势,大研古镇与城市新区交错带的景观美学评价值较低。景观美学评分较高的景观要素包括:自然景观(山体、水体)、农田、古镇、有历史文化特色和地方民族特色的景观等,现代城市景观的评价值较低。研究结果对保护丽江古城具有重要意义,可以用来完善丽江城市景观规划、优化城市空间格局,在城市建设发展的同时,保护好丽江的古城风貌和田园风光,以维系景观美学价值。
During a stage of rapid urbanization, lots of ancient cities or old towns are facing the double pressures of urbanization and tourism industry. For economic development, the local government built a series of reception facilities and artificial landscapes to attract tourists. The ancient style and landscape aesthetics are affected by the uncoordinated urban architecture and too many tourists. In this paper, a landscape aesthetic evaluation is carried out, taking Lijiang basin as a research object, where World Heritage of the Old Town of Lijiang located in. In accordance with the gradient of Dayan Ancient Town-suburb-exurban of Lijiang City, the evaluation samples point are set to assess landscape aesthetics. Scenic beauty estimation （SBE） procedure is used to assess the landscape aesthetics. The results show that there is a small difference between men and women who participate in this research. The two curves of landscape aesthetics evaluation value are basically the same trend, the maximum and minimum values are assessed by male evaluators. The Old Town of Lijiang is constituted of three towns （ Dayan Town, Suhe Town, and Basha Town）. The landscape aesthetics value of Suhe Town is higher than others, which is 6.79. The value of Baisha town is 5.82; the value of Dayan Town is 5.68. The value of transition area between Dayan Town and Lijiang City is 4.9, the mean Value of Lijiang City is 4.03. The mean Value of Yulong County is the lowest, which is 3.88. In accordance with the gradient of Dayan Town-suburb-exurban of Lijiang City, the evaluation values curve a V-type trend, showing low in the middle, high in the both sides. The value of the transition area between Dayan Town and Lijiang City is lower. The landscape elements of higher aesthetic value include several aspects, such as natural landscapes （ mountains, water, and snow mountain）, farmland, village, old town, historical cultural landscape and local ethnic landscape, etc. Landscape aesthetics value of the modern urban landscape is lower than t
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第7期1794-1799,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-450)
国家水专项(2012ZX07102-003)
关键词
世界文化遗产
丽江古城
景观美学
城市化
world heritage
the Old Town of Lijiang
landscape aesthetics
urbanization
