摘要
目的评估2014年2月中国(未包括香港、澳门和台湾地区,以下同)突发公共卫生事件及需要关注的传染病风险。方法根据国内外突发公共卫生事件报告及重点传染病监测等各种资料和部门通报信息,采用专家会商法以视频会议形式邀请全国26个省(直辖市、自治区)疾病预防控制中心专家参与评估。结果根据近期传染病和突发公共卫生事件监测数据,结合既往突发公共卫生事件发生情况及传染病流行特点分析,2月全国突发公共卫生事件的发生一般为全年报告最低水平,主要以呼吸道传染病、非职业性一氧化碳中毒、食物中毒等为主。近期我国内地可能继续出现人感染H7N9禽流感的散发病例;其他可感染人类的禽流感(如H10N8、H5N1等)可能有零星散发病例报告。全国南北方流感处于高峰水平,随着学校或托幼机构即将开学,流感暴发疫情会上升。中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒没有发现传染力改变的变异,春节前1周和春节期间(1周)全国无输入性病例,春节后虽然仍继续存在输入风险,但较春节前降低。近期影响我国的冷空气活动频繁,我国大部地区平均气温将比常年同期偏低,非职业性一氧化碳中毒仍将处于较高水平。结论 2014年2月全国突发公共卫生事件的发生一般为全年报告最低水平;需重点关注人感染禽流感(H7N9、H10N8和H5N1)疫情,一般关注流行性感冒、中东呼吸综合征疫情;要继续做好非职业性一氧化碳中毒预防和救治工作。
Objective To assess the risk of public health emergency and communicable diseases concerned in the mainland of China in February 2014. Methods Semi-structured interviews and discussions among subject matter experts based on surveillance data and public health organization bulletins, et al. And 26 provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention attended the assessment through remote video conference. Results According to the surveillance data of infectious disease and public health emergency, the occurrence of public health emergency events in February will be the lowest level of the year, and the most common event categories may be respiratory infectious disease outbreaks, carbon monoxide poisoning, and food poisoning. There would be more sporadic cases of human infection with A（H7N9） avian influenza, and there may be some another occasionally human sporadic cases of other avian influenzas （H10N8, H5N1, et al）. The seasonal influenza is with high activity in northern and southern parts of China, and following the school opening, there may be more influenza outbreaks. There is no change about infectivity of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome（MERS） Coronary Virus, and there is no case reported 1 week before Chinese Lunar New Year Festival and during the festival（ 1 week） ; there may still exist risk of imported case of MERS, but the risk would be lower than before Chinese Lunar New Year. Recently most parts of China have lower temperature than the same period before, and carbon monoxide poisoning would still be at high level. Conclusion It is expected that the national public health emergencies in February 2014 would be the lowest level of the whole year; and it is needed to majorly concern human infection with avian influenza（ H7N9, H10N8, H5N1 ）, and generally concern seasonal influenza and MERS, and keep on concerning prevention and treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2014年第2期88-91,共4页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
突发公共卫生事件
传染病疫情
风险评估
public health emergencies
infectious diseases
risk assessment
