摘要
因为电磁辐射在海水中衰减极强,而声却能有效传播很长距离(甚至可绕地球一周),所以,科学家和工程师们设计了许多在海洋中用声来代替光、无线电和微波的精巧方法。水声应用种类繁多,包括遥感、遥控、通信、导航和声源探测/定位等。本文给出了利用声音研究海洋(包括海床)的从古代到两次世界大战、到现代先进测量技术和计算机分析的历史概览。随后,重点描述了正在进行的海床地球物理特性估计的研究,并利用不同的海洋声学测量和概率反演理论量化其不确定性和可变性。
Because electromagnetic radiation is strongly attenuated in seawater while sound propagates efficiently to long（even global） ranges, scientists and engineers have devised many ingenious methods to use acoustics in the ocean in place of light, radio, and microwaves. Myriad underwater acoustic applications include remote sensing, remote control, communications, navigation, and source detection/localization. This talk will present a semi-historical overview of the use of sound to study the sea（including the seabed）, from ancient times, through two world wars, and into the modern era of advanced measurement technologies and computer analysis. A final emphasis involves on-going research to estimate seabed geophysical properties and quantify their uncertainty and variability using a variety of ocean acoustic measurements and probabilistic inversion theory.
出处
《声学技术》
CSCD
2014年第1期85-94,共10页
Technical Acoustics
