摘要
目的探讨新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病医院感染的因素,并观察采用抗菌药物治疗后的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2008年3月-2012年3月126例新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病患儿的临床资料,分析引起医院感染的相关因素,分析医院感染病原菌的分布及对抗菌药物的耐药性;所有数据采用SPSS13.0软件进行统计分析。结果新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病医院感染的病因有住院时间长、使用广谱抗菌药物以及抗菌药物的时间长、应用激素、存在侵入性操作及患儿为早产、低体质量、重度新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(P<0.05);感染部位以呼吸道感染为主,占48.3%,与其他感染部位比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医院感染患儿共检出病原菌36株,以白色假丝酵母菌为首,占33.3%;大肠埃希菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南耐药率均为0,金黄色葡萄球菌及表皮葡萄球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁耐药率均为0,白色假丝酵母菌对所有抗真菌药物均为0,以上抗菌药物的耐药率与同组其他抗菌药物比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新生儿免疫力低下,多种因素是导致新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病医院感染的病因,在抗菌药物的应用上要严格的掌握使用剂量、使用时间和种类等,合理选用抗菌药物。
OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors for nosocomial infections in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and observe the clinical effect of use of antibiotics. METHODS The clinical data of 126 neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy who were treated in the hospital from Mar 2008 to Mar 2012 were retrospectively analyzed, then the related factors for the nosocomial infections were analyzed, the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing nosocomial infections were analyzed, and all the data were statistically analyzed with the use of SPSS13.0 software. RESULTS The causes of the nosocomial infections in the neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy included the long hospitalization duration, long-term use of broad spectrum antibiotics, use of steroids, invasive operation, premature birth, low birth weight, and severe neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （P〈0.05）. The respiratory tract was the main infection site, accounting for 48.3 %, as compared with other infection sites, the difference was significant （P〈0.05）. A total of 36 strains of pathogens have been isolated from the neonates with nosocomial infections, among which the Candida albicans ranked the first place, accounting for 33.3%. The drug resistance rates of the Escherichia coli to imipenem and meropenem were 0% the drug resistance rates of the Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis to vancomycin and teicoplanin were 0% the drug resistance rates of the C. albicans to all the antifungal agents were 0, as compared with the drug resistance rates to other antibiotics, the differences were significant （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION The neonates are with low immunity; there are a variety of factors leading to the nosocomial infections in the neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; it is necessary to strictly master the dosage and time of use of antibiotics so as to reasonably use antibiotics.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1528-1530,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
遂宁市卫生局基金项目(SS-2009B-1042)
关键词
新生儿
缺氧缺血性脑病
医院感染
相关因素
抗菌药物
Neonate
Hypoxie-ischemic encephalopathy
Nosocomial infection
Related factor
Antibiotic
