摘要
采用室内浸提法对木荷、火力楠、闽粤栲、马尾松、楠木、杉木、格氏栲7种不同树种凋落叶的吸水特性和失水特性进行研究。结果表明：7种树种凋落叶的最大持水率表现为火力楠（368．65％）〉闽粤栲（238．45％）〉楠木（207．68％）〉杉木（199．60％）〉木荷（189．06％）〉格氏栲（177．44％）〉马尾松（153．95％）；最大失水率的大小为火力楠（170．34％）〉杉木（156．11％）〉闽粤栲（134．33％）〉楠木（131．10％）〉木荷（127．26％）〉马尾松（116．99％）〉格氏栲（115．91％）。在整个吸水过程中，7种树种凋落叶的持水率在浸入水中0～2h有一个急速上升的过程，2h后随着浸泡时间的延长，凋落叶持水率增加变缓，并逐渐趋于平稳；在0～16h内，各树种失水率以一个比较平稳的速度增加，16h之后其增加的速度变缓并逐渐趋于平稳。不同树种凋落叶吸水速率和失水速率随时间的变化均不同。经过回归分析拟合可知，不同树种凋落叶的持水率与浸泡时间、失水率与失水时间之间的关系均为Q=aln t＋b；吸水速率与浸泡时间、失水速率与失水时间的关系均为V=ktn。综合比较7种树种凋落叶的持水性能，火力楠、闽粤栲凋落叶的持水能力良好，能够很好地涵养水源。
Using soaking extract method, the water-absorbing characteristics and the water-losing characteristics of litter of Schirna superb, Michelia macelurei , Castanopsis fissa , Pinus massoniana , Phoeba bournei , Cunninghamia lanceolata and Castanopsis kawakamii were studied. The results were as follows： The maximum water-holding rates of litter in Miehelia macelurei , Castanopsis fissa , Phoeba bournei , Cunningharnia lanceolata , Schima superba , Castanopsis kawakamii and Pinus massoniana were 368. 65 %, 238. 45%, 207.68;, 199.60%, 189.06%, 177.44; and 153. 95%, respectively. The maximum water-losing rates were as follows：Michelia macelurei ;Cunninghamia lanceolata ;Castanopsis fissa ; Phoeba bournei Schima superb ; Pinus massoniana ; Castanopsis kawakamii. Between 0 and 2 hours of soaking time, water-holding rate of all kinds of trees had a rapid rising process. Two hours later, the water-holding rate increased slowly with time going and gradually leveled off. Between 0 and 16 hours, the water-losing rate of all kinds of trees increased at a steady speed. After 16 hours the water-losing rate increased slowly with time going and gradually leveled off. The litter of different tree species had different values of absorption rates and water-losing rates. The water-holding rate and water-losing rate of litter increased according to Q=aln t＋b with increasing the time immersed in water, the equation of the water absorption rate and the water-losing rate was V=ktn. The comprehensive analysis of water-holding capacity of 7 different trees＇ species indicated that Michelia macelurei and Castanopsis fissa had better water-holding capacity.
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期88-91,共4页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
福建省自然科学基金项目(2013J01075)
关键词
凋落叶
持水特性
失水特性
litter
water-holding characteristics
water-losing characteristics
