摘要
传统需要理论只重视人的物质需要和精神需要,忽略了生态需要。党的十八大提出"要建设美丽中国",这其实是要满足人们的生态需要,但当前绝大部分生态需要的研究都以经济学的视角展开,使生态需要明显带有经济学的痕迹。马克思主义没有提出生态需要的具体概念,但有生态需要的思想。因此,运用马克思主义立场、观点、方法,从马克思主义的需要的内涵出发,综合马克思主义的生态需要思想,可以将生态需要进行科学界定。生态需要有广义和狭义之分。广义的生态需要是指人类在实践活动中对自然界的一切需要的总和,狭义的生态需要是指人类对自然界提供的生态产品和生态服务的需要。它既是人类最基本的生存需要,同时又是一种高级需要,即享受需要和发展需要,因而是人类的基本需要和高级需要的统一体。
Over a long period of time, we have limited mankind＇s needs to material need and spiritual need. But human being not only is material and spiritual but also is ecological and is the unification of them. So human being has not only the material need and spiritual need, but also has ecological need. Marx and Engels did not put forward the concept of ecological need, but they had the thought of ecological need. Using the Marxist stand, viewpoint and method and combining with Marxist thought about ecological need can put forward the concept of ecological need. The ecological need has separately the narrow meaning and extensive meaning.The extensive meaning of ecological need is the sum of mankind＇s needs to nature. The narrow meaning of ecological need refers to mankind＇s needs to ecological products and ecological services provided by nature. It unifies human beings＇ basic need and advanced need.
出处
《生态经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期192-194,共3页
Ecological Economy
