摘要
提出了一种废铅酸蓄电池胶泥低温钠熔盐还原熔炼的新工艺,该工艺以NaOH-Na_2CO_3熔盐体系作为反应介质,含铅次氧化锌作固硫剂,焦粉作还原剂,在800~900℃的温度下,还原熔炼废铅酸蓄电池胶泥生产粗铅,硫酸根被还原转化为硫化锌。在理论分析的基础上,考察了各种因素对金属铅直收率和ZnO固硫率的影响。结果表明,在熔炼温度850℃、W_(熔盐)/W_(固体物)=2.5(W代表质量)、W_(NaOH)/W_(Na_2CO_3)=3.5、W_(ZnO)/W_(理论量)=1.0、反应时间1 h、W_(焦粉)/W_(胶泥)=10%优化条件下,铅直收率高达98.59%,粗铅品位98.83%,ZnO固硫率93.44%。新工艺具有低温、低碳、低耗、高效、清洁和过程简单等优点,对废铅酸蓄电池胶泥、铅烟尘等再生铅原料以及含铅次氧化锌烟尘的清洁循环利用具有重要意义。
A new process for sulfur-fixing reduction smelting of spent lead-acid battery colloid sludge in molten salt of sodium at low temperature have been proposed.In the process,using secondary zinc oxide dusts containing lead as sulfur-fixing agent and coke powders as reducing agent,spent lead-acid battery colloid sludge can be reduced into crude lead and SO_4^（2-） can be converted to ZnS in the molten salt system of NaOH-Na_2CO_3 at 800℃ to 900℃.On the basis of thermodynamic analysis,the effects of the technological factors on the smelting were investigated.The results indicate that excellent indexes such as direct recovery of lead being 98.59%,grade of crude lead being98.83%,and sulfur-fixing rate of 93.44%for ZnO can be obtained under the optimum conditions as follows：W_（salt）/W_（solid）=2.5（W represents weight）,W_（Na_2CO_3）/W_（NaOH）=3.5,W_（ZnO）W_（theory）=1.0,W_（coke）/W_（colloid sludge）=10%,and at 850℃ for one hour.The process has many advantages such as lower smelting temperature,little discharge of carbon dioxide,high efficiency,environment friendliness,and simple operation,and is of much significance to the clean recycling of the raw materials for secondary lead such as spent lead-acid battery colloid sludge,lead dusts,and secondary zinc oxide dusts containing lead.
出处
《中国有色冶金》
CAS
2014年第1期75-79,共5页
China Nonferrous Metallurgy
基金
国家重点自然科学基金资助(51234009)
湖南省自然科学基金资助(13JJ5035)
关键词
废铅酸蓄电池
再生铅
钠熔盐
固硫
spent lead-acid battery
the secondary lead
molten salt of sodiun
sulfur fixing
