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干式气体密封端面型槽仿生设计的相关性 被引量:12

Correlational Research of Bionics Design of Dry Gas Face Seal Groove
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摘要 基于统计学原理和气体润滑理论,建立飞鸟翼翅外形结构特征与干式气体密封端面型槽特征两者的相关性数学模型,建立干式气体密封端面膜压控制方程;基于模糊数学知识提出界定端面型槽几何结构特征的隶属度参数及其计算表达式,并依据隶属度参数对干式气体密封进行分类;采用有限差分法求解密封端面膜压控制方程,获得了端面气膜刚度,对比分析飞鸟翼翅长短和宽窄与飞行速度之间的相关性及端面型槽长短和宽窄与不同运行转速下干式气体密封运行稳定性的相关性。结果表明:表征端面型槽或飞鸟翼翅的长短和宽窄程度与其运行或飞行速度之间呈中度正相关关系,即长翼翅的鸟类具有较好飞行稳定性,而细长翼翅的飞鸟具有更佳的高速飞行稳定性;相应地,长槽端面干式气体密封具有良好的运行稳定性,而细长槽则具有更好的高速运行稳定性。结果揭示了飞鸟生物模型和干式气体密封工程模型之间的相互关联规律,证明基于飞鸟翼翅外形结构特征的端面型槽仿生设计的可行性,为密封的仿生设计提供重要理论依据。 Based on statistical method and gas lubrication theory, the correlation mathematical models of outline constructional feature of a bird wing and face groove feature of a dry gas seal (DGS) are established, and the film pressure controlling equation of a DGS is set up. The membership grades and their calculation expressions used to define face groove geometrical feature of a DGS are presented based on fuzzy mathematics, and DGSs are classified according to the membership grades. The gas film pressure control equations are resolved by use of finite difference method, and the gas film stiffness of a DGS is obtained. The correlation between the constructional feature parameters of bird wing outlines and flight speed and the correlation between face groove geometric parameters and operational stability of a DGS at different speeds are comparatively analyzed. Results show that the correlations between the geometric constructional feature parameters of bird wing outlines or face grooves and their flight speeds or operational speeds are in moderate degree. That is to say long wings give a bird stability, and long narrow wings give a bird more stability at high flight speeds, and long grooves give a DGS stability, and long narrow grooves give a DGS more stability at high operational speeds, correspondingly. Results also reveal that the relationship between a bird biological model and a DGS engineering model exists exactly. The feasibility of bionic design of face groove based on the geometric characteristics of bird wing outlines is demonstrated. The important theory basis is provided for the bionic design ofa DGS.
出处 《机械工程学报》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第3期151-157,共7页 Journal of Mechanical Engineering
基金 国家自然科学基金(51175740 51275473) 浙江省杰出青年科学基金(R1090833) 高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20103317110002)资助项目
关键词 仿生设计 干气密封 稳定性 统计学 模糊数学 bionic design dry gas seal stability statistics fuzzy mathematics
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