摘要
长期以来,学者多热衷讨论"兴",一般不重视"比"。实际上,"比"这个概念并非想象中那么简单。本文从朱熹论"比"入手,厘清了"比"既不是比喻句,也不是全篇譬喻,甚至不完全是"不说破"。朱熹论"比"的本质在诗章的语脉,第一次将赋、比、兴三个概念放置在同等层次、同等标准的基础上,严格按照每章语脉的原则,建立起一个完整的解释体系。这个体系的关键不在直叙、兴起、不说破等概念,而在全章语脉的解读,它源自朱熹提出的"诵其本文,见其语脉"的阐释原则。本文在语脉说和赋比兴体系的基础上,解答了朱熹为何对结构看似相同的诗句有不同的标示、为何认为"比"有不说破和说破两种、《诗集传》又为何从未标过兴兼比与比而赋等问题。
In the history of Shijing exgesis, it seems much easier to explain bi than xing in the poetic triad offu-bixing. However, bi has its own eomplex connotation. This paper is focused on Zhu Xi＇s eonception of bi, in which bi is not regarded as simile or allegory. The author argues that Zhu Xi＇s idea of bi is based on the thread of thoughts within every stanza as a whole. In fact, it is Zhu Xi who first time puts fu-bi-xing on the same basis of thread of thoughts and first time takes fu-bi-xing as three systematic terms. Aeeording to Zhu Xi, fu-bi-xing signifies three types of thread of thoughts within one stanaza. This idea is derived from Zhu Xi＇s hermeneutic theory of yurnai, a principle by which Zhu Xi interprets Shijing and other elassics.
出处
《复旦学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第1期88-99,共12页
Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）
关键词
朱熹
诗经
比赋
比兴
语脉
Zhu Xi
Shijing
bi
fu-bi-xing
thread of thoughts
