摘要
为研究不同粗饲料组合类型对奶牛瘤胃甲烷产生量及氮代谢的影响。本试验采用单因素随机区组试验设计,将16头健康荷斯坦干奶牛随机分为4组。以东北地区常用的粗饲料及其组合设计4种粗饲料类型:A组(玉米青贮+玉米秸秆);B组(玉米青贮+羊草);C组(玉米青贮+玉米秸秆+羊草);D组(玉米青贮+苜蓿+羊草)。精饲料由玉米、麦麸、糖蜜、玉米纤维饲料、豆粕、棉籽粕和玉米胚芽饼为主要原料配制。试验结果表明:日粮A组奶牛干物质采食量(DMI)、总能及总氮摄入量均显著低于其他三种类型日粮组(P<0.05),日粮D组最高,其总能摄入量分别较日粮A、B、C组高11.06%、5.20%和8.05%,总氮摄入量分别较日粮A、B、C组高14.09%、8.88%和9.95%,日粮B组与日粮C组差异不显著(P>0.05)。日粮A、B组奶牛瘤胃甲烷的产生量(L/d)、以甲烷形式损失的能量(MJ/d)显著高于日粮C、D组(P<0.05),其中日粮A组每天瘤胃甲烷的产生量分别高于日粮C、D组3.36%和6.00%,日粮B组每天瘤胃甲烷的产生量分别高于日粮C、D组6.41%和9.12%,日粮A组以甲烷形式损失的能量分别高于日粮C、D组3.30%和6.00%,日粮B组产生的甲烷能分别高于日粮C、D组6.35%和9.13%。每千克干物质采食量的甲烷产生量(CH4/DMI)、每兆焦总能摄入量产生的甲烷量(CH4/GEI)以及甲烷能占摄入总能的比例(CH4/GEI),日粮B组与日粮C组之间差异不显著(P>0.05),其他各日粮类型组间差异显著(P<0.05)。而日粮A组粪氮排放量占总摄入氮的比例有高于日粮D组的趋势(P<0.10)。日粮D组奶牛尿氮排放量显著高于其他类型日粮组(P<0.05),分别较日粮A、B、C组高18.84%、17.28%和15.51%,但尿氮排放量占总摄入氮量各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。日粮D组奶牛粪氮和尿氮总量显著高于其他三种类型日粮组(P<0.05),分别较日粮A、B、C组高7.19%、8.35%和6.88%,但日粮B组与日粮D组的粪氮和尿氮总量占总摄入氮量
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of forage combination types on rumen methane emissions and nitrogen metabolism of dairy cows. A single factor random block was used in this study.Sixteen Holstein cows were randomly divided into 4 groups which were fed with diet A（forage was composed of corn silage,corn stover）,diet B（forage was composed of corn silage,chinensis wildry）,diet C （forage was composed of corn silage,corn stover,chinensis wildry）, and diet D （forage was composed of corn silage, alfalfa hay, chinensis wildry）, respectively.The diets contained corn ,wheat bran,molasses beet,corn glut meal,soybean meal,cottonseed meal and corn germ meal. The result showed that：Diet A group had a lower dry matter intake （DMI）, gross energy intake （GEI）,total nitrogen intake （TNI）,compared with the other three diet groups（P 〈 0.05）,and diet D group had the highest DMI,GEI and TNI（P 〈 0.05）,its GEI was 11.06%,5.20% and 8.05% higher than that of diet A,B, C group,respectively,and TNI was 14.09%, 8.88% and 9.95% higher than that of the other three diets groups, and there was no significant difference between diet B group and diet C group （P 〉 0.05 ）.Diet A group and Diet B group had a higher methane production, methane energy loss, compared with diet C group and diet D group （P 〈 0.05）, the methane production of diet A group was 3.36% ,6.00% higher than that of diet C group and diet D group,and which of diet B group was 6.41% ,9.12% higher than that of diet C group and diet D group,the methane energy loss of diet A group was 3.30% and 6.00% higher than that of diet C group and diet D group,and which of diet B group was 6.35% and 9.13% higher than that of diet C group and diet D group.Methane production （L）per Megajoule GEI,per kg DMI,and percentage of methane energy to GEI was significantly different between diet A group and diet D group（P 〈 0.05）.Fecal N（FN）was similar among treatment groups （P 〉 0.05）;however,diet A group trendly had a
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2014年第3期29-33,共5页
China Feed
基金
国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-37)
关键词
粗饲料组合类型
甲烷产量
氮代谢
奶牛
forages combination types
methane emission
nitrogen metabolism
dairy cows
