摘要
目的探讨精神药物所致色素沉着的一般规律和特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索"PubMed"系统、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)及万方数据库报道的107例及作者所见1例精神药物所致色素沉着病例,对患者的一般情况及临床资料进行统计与分析。结果精神药物所致色素沉着108例病例中,男性63例(58.33%),女性45例(41.67%)。引起色素沉着的精神药物以抗精神病药物及抗抑郁药居多。在有具体发生时间描述的72例中,色素沉着出现时间最短5 h,最长为23年,用药5年以上发生者占41.67%。色素沉着部位由高到低依次为:角膜或晶状体(30.56%)、面颈部及四肢(25.93%)、面颈部(16.67%)、面颈部、四肢、角膜及晶状体(12.96%)、面颈部、角膜及晶状体(6.48%)、全身(5.56%)、四肢(0.93%)、注射部位(0.93%)。经停用致病药物,色素沉着恢复者65例(63.73%)、减轻13例(12.04%)。结论临床医师、药师应了解精神药物所致色素沉着的规律和特点,加强用药监测,及时发现、及时处理。
Objective To explore the general psychotropic drugs （HIPD） so as to provide references patterns and characteristics of for rational drug use. Methods hyperpigmentation induced by The study subjects consisted of 1 HIPD case derived from author＇s clinical work and 107 HIPD cases reported in previous literatures published in Pummed, CNKI and Wanfang Datas. The patients＂ general information and clinical data were analyzed. Results Among 108 cases with hyperpigmentation, 63 cases （58.33%） were male and 45 cases （41.67%） were female. The psychotropic drugs that induced hyperpigmentation were chiefly antipsychotic drugs and antidepressive drugs. In 72 cases with detailed clinical data, the shortest onset time point of hyperpigmentation was 5 hours after drug use and the longest was 23 years, and 41.67% of them had taken psychotropic drugs for 5 or more years. Arranged in descending order, the location of hyperpigmentation were eye lens ＆ cornea （30.56%）, face ＆ neck ＆ limbs （25.93%）,face ＆ neck （ 16.67% ）, face ＆ neck ＆ limbs ＆ eye lens ＆ cornea （ 12.96% ）, face ＆ neck ＆ eye lens ＆ cornea （6.48%）, total body （5.56%）, limbs （0.93%）, injection site （0.93%）. 65 cases （63.73%） recovered and 13 cases （12.04%） alleviated after suspending causative drugs. Conclusion Doctors and pharmacists should know the patterns and characteristics of the hyperpigmentation induced by psychotropic drugs. Much attention should be payed to medication monitoring in clinical practice, so as to detect and treat the hyperpigmentation timely.
出处
《精神医学杂志》
2013年第6期444-447,共4页
Journal of Psychiatry
关键词
精神药物
色素沉着
文献分析
Psychotropic drugs Hyperpigmentation Document analysis
