摘要
随着汽车和航空工业的飞速发展,对节能减排和轻量化提出了更高的要求,使得高强轻质镁合金有了更大的发展。稀土元素由于具有优异的固溶和沉淀强化效果,能够改善合金的高温和抗蠕变性能,提高耐蚀性,同时稀土元素还具有除氢脱氧、提高铸造性能等作用,从而使稀土镁合金成为研究的一大热点,并在航空航天、电子、汽车、通讯等领域展现出了广阔的应用前景。近年来,通过向Mg-RE合金中加入Zn,Cu或Ni等元素,合理调整合金成分、温度和冷却条件,形成了一种具有长周期堆垛有序结构(long period stacking ordered,LPSO)的有序固溶体。合金经塑性变形后LPSO相呈弥散状均匀分布在基体上,同时细化基体晶粒,极大地提高了合金的强韧性。长周期堆垛有序结构作为镁合金中一种新的有效的增强相,能够显著提高合金的力学性能,具有极大的发展前景。综述了长周期增强镁合金的研究进展和应用现状,主要介绍了Mg-RE-Zn,Mg-RE-Cu,Mg-RE-Ni合金系的国内外研究现状,提出了当前研究需要解决的主要问题,展望了长周期堆垛有序结构增强镁合金的发展趋势。
With the rapid development of automobile and aviation industries, higher-performance light quality magnesium alloys for energy-saving emission and lightweight exhibited great development. The excellent effect of solid solution and precipitation of rare earth elements could help to improve the strength, creep resistance, and corrosion resistance at high temperature of alloys, play a role of hy- drogen deoxidation to improve casting properties remarkably. The development of rare earth magnesium alloys would have a bright pros- pect for application in fields such as aerospace, electronics, automobile, communication and so on. In recent years Mg-RE alloys by adding Zn, Cu, Ni or other elements, adjusting alloy composition, temperature and cooling conditions reasonably, could form an ordered solid solution with a long period stacking ordered （LPSO） structure. After severe plastic deformation, the distribution of LPSO phrase was dispersed and uniform in Mg matrix which was refined at the same time. The process greatly improved the tensile strength and toughness. As a new kind of effective reinforcement in magnesium alloys, LPSO structure could improve mechanical properties sig- nificantly, and exhibited a great development prospect. Current research and application status of magnesium alloys with the long period stacking ordered structure were reviewed mainly on development status of Mg-RE-Zn, Mg-RE-Cu, Mg-RE-Ni alloy series worldwide. The main problems and the trend of magnesium alloys with the long period, tacking ordered structure were proposed.
出处
《稀有金属》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期138-145,共8页
Chinese Journal of Rare Metals
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51274265)资助
关键词
镁合金
长周期堆垛有序结构
高性能稀土镁合金
力学性能
magnesium alloy
long period stacking ordered structure
advanced magnesium rare-earth alloys
mechanical property
