摘要
利用风云静止气象卫星的可见光图像、水汽导风（AMV）、云顶亮温（TBB）和射出长波辐射（OLR）等多种资料，分析了2006--2011年南海及附近区域的对流活动和风场分布，选取110～120°E，5．20°N作为气象卫星监测南海夏季风活动的区域。分析表明，近6年间，亚洲夏季风爆发前，多数年份的对流首先在孟加拉湾东南部以及中南半岛南部生成，然后向西和向东扩展，少数年份的对流首先在南海区域活跃；多数年份南海夏季风首先在南海南部爆发，少数年份首先在南海北部爆发。通过对比分析，南海夏季风区域平均TBB〈273K和OLR〈230W／m^2有很好的一致性，但是TBB〈273K滞后于南海夏季风爆发时间，南海夏季风活动期间出现多次TBB高值，经向平均TBB更能显示南海夏季风的爆发特征。南海夏季风区域平均的对流层中高层风场（AMV）由西风转为东风能较好地描述南海夏季风的爆发特征，其转为东风的时间和气候中心确定的南海夏季风爆发时间较吻合。这为利用气象卫星监测南海夏季风活动提供了新方法。
We analyze the convection activities and the wind field at the upper troposphere over the South China Sea （SCS） from 2006 to 2010 using the satellite data including visible images, temperature of brightness blackbody （TBB）, atmospheric motional vector （AMV） and outgoing long wave radiation （OLR）. The region （110 - 120 °E, 5 - 20 °N） is chosen as the satellite monitoring area for the SCS summer monsoon. It shows that, before the SCS summer monsoon onset, the convection system becomes active firstly over the south-east of the Bay of Bengal and the Indochina Peninsula in most years and then spreads westward and eastward. The SCS summer monsoon onsets firstly in the south of the SCS in most years and in the north of it in some years. Through comparisons it is found that the regional （110 - 120 °E, 5 - 20 °N） average of TBB less than 273 K is consistent with the OLR less than 230 W/mz, but the date when this regional average TBB less than 273 K happens is later than that for the summer monsoon onset and the TBB is larger than 273 K for many times during the summer monsoon season. The average （110 -120 °E） TBB can describe the SCS summer monsoon onset process better. The analysis also shows that when the regional average of AMVs at the upper troposphere, which is derived from the IR3 channel, changes from westerlies to easterlies, the SCS summer monsoon onset is well indicted. This provides a new method for the SCS summer monsoon monitoring using the FY-2 satellite data.
出处
《热带气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期1051-1056,共6页
Journal of Tropical Meteorology
基金
中国气象局行业专项"热带气旋的遥感监测分析技术研究"(GYHY200906002)资助
关键词
南海夏季风
云图特征
云顶亮温
水汽通道导风
South China Sea summer monsoon
satellite image character
Black Body Temperature （TBB）
Atmospheric Motion Vectors （AMV）
