摘要
目的了解山西省大学生的膳食质量状况,为改善人群营养提供科学依据。方法采用24 h膳食回顾法,对分层抽样和单纯随机抽样方法选取的山西省4所大学261名大学生进行3 d膳食调查,运用膳食平衡指数(DBI-07)法评价学生营养状况。结果大学生平均膳食质量处于中度失衡状态,54.8%的学生存在中高度摄入不足;80.0%存在低度摄入过量。DBI分值在性别、不同每月消费水平间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05),女生膳食质量优于男生;每月消费水平越低越易出现摄入不足,每月消费水平越高越容易出现摄入过量。蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类、水产类摄入严重不足,谷类和畜禽肉类摄入不足和过量并存。52.5%的学生基本能做到食物多样化。结论山西省大学生主要膳食问题为营养素摄入不足。应对大学生进行营养知识宣传,培养健康的饮食行为,增加蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类、水产类摄入。
Objective To understand the dietary quality of university students in Shanxi Province, and to offer scientific foundation for population nutrition. Methods The 261 college students from 4 universities were sm＇veyed through the 3 days 24h dietary recall. Diet balance index （ DBI-07 ） was used to evaluate the nutritional status of students. Results Average dietary quality among college students was in the moderate state of imbalance. There were co-existence of moderate insufficient intakes （ 54.8% ） and excessive intakes （ 80.0% ） of specific foods. There were significant differences in gender and food expenditure （ P 〈0.05 ）. Diet quality of girls was higher than that of boys. The lower expenditure per month spent the higher risk of insufficient in- take. Intake of vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, aquatic products were severely low. Insufficient and excess intake of whole grain, livestock and poultry meat existed at the same time. About 52.5% of the students reported food diversification. Conclusion The main diet problem is nutrients intake sufficient among college students in Shanxi. It is urgent to promote desirable food behavior and nutritional practices and to increase vegetable, fruit, milk, beans, seafood intake.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2013年第12期1412-1414,1417,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
基金
山西医科大学2010年大学生创新项目(2010-20)
关键词
饮食习惯
营养状况
学生
Food habits
Nutritional status
Students
