摘要
20世纪90年代乡镇企业改革以来,中国中小企业空间格局发生了显著变化。现有地理学文献主要关注中小企业空间集聚、集群研究以及八九十年代的中小企业空间分布问题,对于近20年来宏观层面中小企业空间分布的研究比较薄弱,实证研究尤为缺乏。基于文献回顾,运用GIS空间分析、测算变差系数CV等方法,分析1997-2010年中国工业中小企业省区分布的时空格局变化;在此基础上,选取20个影响因素并建立计量模型,运用SPSS及Eviews软件,系统测算导致中国工业中小企业省区分布变化的影响因素,并根据研究结果提出相关政策建议。研究表明:①1997-2010年间,中国工业中小企业的省区分布更加集中、空间差异不断扩大;②中国工业中小企业省区分布格局是多因素综合作用的结果,其中地区经济实力、金融环境、市场环境及技术创新是首要因素,信息化、劳动力、铁路密度及农业资源是次要因素。
In last decades,the potential contribution of SMEs to economic growth has been enhanced,due to the fact that globalization and informatization reduce the importance of economies of scale in many activities and promote SMEs＇ share in the market. In China,for example,SMEs have a major contribution to national employment and economic output. In 2010,SMEs accounted for about 80% of total industrial employment,more than 75% of technological innovation,and 60% of gross domestic product（GDP） in China. Therefore,it is critical to figure out the spatio-temporal development of SMEs in China and its determinants. It is against such a background that this paper takes a comprehensive examination on the provincial development of SMEs in China and its influencing factors. First,by using ArcGIS and calculating CV,we analyze spatio-temporal distribution of SMEs in China in 1997-2010. Second,based on literature review and SPSS software,we identify 20 indicators and then employ principal components analysis and regression analysis to measure the determinants of spatial distribution of SMEs in China. Lastly,we try to provide some positive advices for SMEs development in China. Our examination shows that：（1） SMEs development in China shows very clear features of spatial concentration in coastal provinces of China,and SMEs have been increasingly agglomerated since 1997.（2） The spatial distribution of SMEs is the result of comprehensive function of provincial economic strength,innovation,informatization,policy,labor,resources and transportation,while provincial economic strength,finance,market and innovation play key roles in the spatial distribution of SMEs,and informatization,labor,railway and agriculture resources are also important determinants.
出处
《地理研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第12期2233-2243,共11页
Geographical Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41371006
41001081)
中国科学院重点部署项目(KZZD-EW-06-02)
关键词
工业中小企业
省区分布
时空格局
影响因素
中国
small and medium-sized enterprises（SMEs）
provincial distribution
spatiotemporal analysis
determinants
China
