摘要
目的了解下呼吸道铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性,为临床预防下呼吸道铜绿假单胞菌感染及合理用药提供依据。方法药敏试验采用微量肉汤稀释法(MIC法),判断标准为美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)2011年版,WHONET 5.4软件分析药敏结果。结果下呼吸道标本共分离出病原菌2328株,其中分离出铜绿假单胞菌368株,分离率15.8%,对头孢菌素类头孢唑林耐药率最高为98.1%,头孢他啶最低为14.7%;对喹诺酮类耐药率均<18.0%,环丙沙星15.2%,左氧氟沙星17.8%;β-内酰胺酶/β-内酰胺酶抑制剂复合制剂阿莫西林/克拉维酸耐药率最高为93.3%,哌拉西林/他唑巴坦耐药率最低为13.0%;氨基糖苷类耐药率均<10.0%;亚胺培南耐药率为12.2%。结论下呼吸道铜绿假单胞菌耐药形势较严峻,应做好相应的医院感染管理,并根据药敏试验结果合理用药,以最大限度地减少医院感染。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the drug resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing lower respiratory tract infections so as to provide guidance for the clinical prevention of the lower respiratory tract infections and the reasonable use of antibiotics. METHODS The drug susceptibility testing was performed with the use of broth microdilution technique, and the result of the drug susceptibility testing was determined by using WHONET 5.4 software based on the standards specified by CLSI （2011 edition）. RESULTS Totally 2328 strains of pathogens have been isolated from the respiratory tract specimens, among which there were 368 （15. 8%） strains of P. aeruginosa. The drug resistance rate to the cephalosporins such as cefazolin was the highest （98.1 % ）, ceftazidime the lowest（14. 7%）; the drug resistance rate to the quinolones antibiotics was less than 18. 0%, ciprofloxacin 15.2% , levofloxacin 17.8% ; the drug resistance rates to the β-1actamase or β-1actamase inhibitors compound and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid were the highest （93. 3%）, piperacillin-tazobactam the lowest （13. 0%）; the drug resistance rate to the aminoglycosides antibiotics was less than 10.0%, imipenem 12. 2%. CONCLUSION The situation of drug resistance of the P. aeruginosa strains causing lower respiratory tract infections is severe; it is necessary for the hospital to take corresponding prevention measures and reasonably use antibiotics based on the result of drug susceptibility testing so as to minimize the incidence of the nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第23期5831-5832,5840,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
广西壮族自治区科学技术厅基金项目(桂科攻1140003A-43)
广西壮族自治区卫生厅基金项目(Z 2011497)
关键词
铜绿假单胞菌
下呼吸道
耐药性
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Lower respiratory tract
Drug resistance
