摘要
秸秆还田是一种受政府和科学界鼓励的农业生物质循环处理方式,但近年来秸秆田间焚烧日益严重。为了解秸秆还田在农业生产中的应用效果,以河南省产粮大市——商丘市为研究对象,随机走访该市部分村庄,采用问卷调查方式采集秸秆还田实施情况及问题的相关信息,并进行了调查结果的统计分析。结果表明:92.5%的受访农户实行了秸秆还田,但70.8%的受访农户认为秸秆还田会加重病虫害,52.5%的受访者提出秸秆还田后需要多打药才能保证产量;愿意秸秆直接还田的农户只占调查农户的50%。目前部分农户已经采用秸秆生物质炭还田,其中多数(60%)农户认为生物质炭具有增产和减少病虫害的作用。调查分析还表明,影响秸秆还田意愿的主要因素是农户种植规模和是否以农为生,以农为生和种植规模较大的农户反映秸秆还田不增产并且需要多打药。从调查结果可以看出,秸秆直接还田确实存在实际困难,迫切需要寻找秸秆处理新途径。
Straw return was a kind of agricultural biomass circulation processing mode advocated by the government and the scientific community. But straw burning has becoming more and more serious in recent years. In order to provide better understanding of the influence of straw return on agricultural production, the author randomly visited some farmers of Shangqiu municipality which is the major grain-producing city of Henan province, collecting relevant information by questionnaire survey. The results showed that 92.5% of the respondents had taken straw return measures while only half were willing to take directly returning measure. Almost 70.8% thought straw application on agriculture could aggravate crop insects diseases and 52.5% needed to spray more insecticide to keep stable yield. For the moment, some respondents used straw biochar and 60% of them claimed that had the benefits of increasing yield, reducing crop insects diseases. The survey also showed that the crop scale or whether living by farming who said straw application couldn＇t increase yield but needed to spray more insecticide are the main factors influencing the farmer＇ s willingness. Thus, it is really difficult for farmers to take straw back to the field directly and new ways to solve the straw problem is urgently needed.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2013年第32期204-208,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
博士点基金"秸秆热裂解生物质炭资源和能源利用的技术途径及潜力分析评价"(20120097130003)
关键词
秸秆还田
生物质炭
问卷调查
straw return
biochar
questionnaire survey
