摘要
目的:了解我院目前细菌耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考依据。方法:对2012年我院临床分离的细菌耐药数据进行回顾性分析。结果:2012年我院分离出细菌4 754株,其中革兰阴性菌3 504株(占73.7%),革兰阳性菌1 250株(占26.3%)。大肠埃希菌(1 030株)、肺炎克雷伯菌(779株)、金黄色葡萄糖球菌(502株)、铜绿假单胞菌(444株)、鲍曼不动杆菌(426株)检出细菌数居前5位,为我院临床常见细菌,总菌株数占检出细菌总数的66.9%;对大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌等临床常见发酵菌,亚胺培南仍是耐药率最低的药物;对非发酵菌则需根据药物敏感性试验选择治疗药物;对葡萄球菌属耐药率最低的是万古霉素。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)检出率为21.9%,耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率为87.9%。结论:细菌耐药性较2011年有所下降,但总的耐药形势仍然严峻,特别是非发酵菌的耐药率仍较高,临床选择药物治疗方案困难,合理使用抗菌药物任重道远。
OBJECTIVE ：To investigate the status quo of the bacterial resistance in our hospital so as to provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics. METHODS： The data regarding the bacterial resistance of clinical isolates in our hospital during 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS ： A total of 4 754 bacterial strains were isolated in 2012, of which, 3 504 （73.7%） were gram-negative bacteria and 1 250 （26. 3% ） gram-positive bacteria.The top 5 isolates ranked by number were E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, A. bautnannii, and they accounted for 66.9% of total bacteria detected. E. coli and K. pneumoniae and the other common clinical fermentative bacteria showed lowest resistance to imipenem. For the non-fermentation bacteria, the therapeutic drugs were used based on the susceptibility test. Staphylococcus had the lowest resistance to vancomycin. The detection rate of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus was 21.9% and that of methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococci was 87.9%. CONCLUSION： The bacterial resistance in our hospital was lower than that in 2011 yet the overall drug resistance is still serious, especially the fact that the resistance of non-fermentative bacteria rate is still high. It is a difficult job in the choice of therapeutic regimen and the load is heavy while the way is long to achieve rational antibiotic use.
出处
《中国医院用药评价与分析》
2013年第11期1008-1011,共4页
Evaluation and Analysis of Drug-use in Hospitals of China
关键词
细菌耐药
抗菌药物
合理用药
Bacterial resistance
Antibiotics
Rational use of drug
