摘要
Long-term endurance training or physical activity has been confirmed not only to improve physical performance, but to bring about an obvious beneficial effect on human health; however, the mechanism of this effect is not clear. The most studied health adaptations in skeletal muscle response to endurance exercise are increased muscle glycogen level and insulin sensitivity, fiber type transformation toward oxidative myofibers, and increased mitochondrial content/function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles in eukaryotic cells critical in physical performance and disease occurrence. The mitochondrial life cycle spans biogenesis, maintenance, and clearance. Exercise training may promote each of these processes and confer positive impacts on skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic functions. This review focused on the regulation of these processes by endurance exercise and discussed its potential benefits in health and disease. We presented evidence suggesting that exercise training potentiates not only the biogenesis of mitochondria but also the removal of old and unhealthy mitochondria through mitochondrial quality control.
Long-term endurance training or physical activity has been confirmed not only to improve physical performance, but to bring about an obvious beneficial effect on human health; however, the mechanism of this effect is not clear. The most studied health adaptations in skeletal muscle response to endurance exercise are increased muscle glycogen level and insulin sensitivity, fiber type transformation toward oxi- dative myofibers, and increased mitochondrial content/function. Mitochondria are dynamic organelles in eukaryotic cells critical in physical performance and disease occurrence. The mitochondrial life cycle spans biogenesis, maintenance, and clearance. Exercise training may promote each of these processes and confer positive impacts on skeletal muscle contractile and metabolic functions. This review focused on the regula- tion of these processes by endurance exercise and discussed its potential benefits in health and disease. We presented evidence suggesting that exercise training potentiates not only the biogenesis of mitochondria but also the removal of old and unhealthy mitochondria through mitochondrial quality control.
出处
《中国应用生理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2013年第6期543-553,共11页
Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology
基金
supported by research grants from the Natural Sciences Foundation of China(31110103919,81370454,31200894,31000523,30771048,30470837,31071040,and 30270638)
Tianjin Municipal Sci-tech-innovation Base Project(10KJPT024)
General Administration of Sport of China Basic Project(10B058)
National Sci-tech Support Project(2012BAK21B03)
关键词
人体健康
质量控制
线粒体
运动性
耐力训练
胰岛素敏感性
物理性能
疾病发生
exercise
health adaptation
mitochondrial dynamics
mitochondrial quality control
fiber type transformation
mitochondrial plasticity
insulin resistance
