摘要
年份(主要是降水的作用)、施肥和年份×施肥对旱地夏玉米和春玉米的丰歉均有极显著的作用。生育期内降水分布适时,295.5mm的降水量可获得亩产夏玉米335.5kg的产量。夏玉米施化肥各处理均较不施肥者增产极显著,单位肥料增产量低肥为8.9kg,中肥为7.5kg,高肥为5.5kg。低肥的经济效益最好。春玉米产量与播前2m深土层的贮水量加生育期降水量成正相关(r=0.763),达到显著水准。在施肥能满足需要的条件下,播前2米深土层的贮水量加生育期降水量达817mm左右,且生育期内降水量较为适宜时,旱地春玉米亩产400～450kg是可以实现的。春玉米施化肥各处理间差异不显著,但与不施肥者相比,差异极显著,亩增产量高肥为61.9kg,中肥为60.5kg,低肥为56.9kg。春玉米和夏玉米施油菜饼比施化肥各处理的亩增产量为22.5～28.5kg,差异极显著。春玉米亩产高于夏玉米86.6kg。施肥能极显著地降低耗水系数,提高水分生产效益。春玉米的耗水系数低于夏玉米。
Year difference(mainly referring to the roles of rainfall water),fertiliza-tion and year difference × fertilization have an obvious effect upon yields ofsummer sowing corn and spring sowing corn.In the ease of the rational distri-bution of rainfall water in corn developing stage,2955 mm of rainfall watercan produce corn of 335.5 kg/mu.Summer sowing corn with chemical fertilizerapplied in each treatment has a more apparent yield increase than that with-out chemical fertilizer applied.Therefore,low fertilization application canproduce an yield increase of 8.9 kg/per unit fertilizer;medium fertilization,7.5 kg per unit fertilizer;and high fertilization,5.5 kg per unit fertilizer.Therefore,low fertilization can get good economic returns.Yield of spring sow-ing corn is in positive correlation with soil moisture stored in 2-meter-deepsoil layer prior to sowing plus rainfall-water in the corn developing stage(r=0.763),reaching the significant standard.In the case of fertilization to meetthe demands,and moisture stored in 2-meter-deep soil layer prior to sowingplus rainfall water of 817 mm or so in corn developing stage,and being suitable,it is possible to achieve 400～450 kg/mu of rainfed land spring sowing corn.Spring sowing corn with chemical fertilizer applied shows no differences in eachlocation,but in comparison with that without chemical fertilizer applied,itshows great significance.per mu yield increase:high fertilization,61.9 kg;medium fertilization,60.5 kg;and low fertilization,56.9 kg.Yield increase permu of spring sowing and summer sowing corn with rape seed cake in the treat-ment is 22.5-28.5 kg in comparison with those with chemical fertilizer applied,with great significant differences,Yield of spring sowing corn per mu is 86.6kg higher that of summer sowing corn.Fertilization can reduce water consuptioncoefficient significantly,and raise moisture productive benefits.water consump-tion coefficient by spring sowing corn is lower than that of summer sowing corn.
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期10-18,共9页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
关键词
玉米
耗水系数
降水
施肥
旱地
corn
water consumption coefficient
rainfall waters
fertili zation
yield
