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眼科围手术期抗菌药物规范化应用对院内感染及耐药菌的影响因素分析 被引量:10

Impact factors analysis of standardized perioperative antibiotic application on nosocomial infection and drug-resistance bacteria
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摘要 目的 探讨在眼科专科医院推行围手术期抗菌药物规范化应用对院内感染及耐药菌的影响因素及临床意义.方法 回顾性系列病例研究.选取天津市眼科医院在抗菌药物规范化应用前1年(2009年9月至2010年8月)及规范化应用后1年(2010年9月至2011年8月)全院住院眼科手术病例为研究对象,对两年中院内感染发生率及耐药菌株监测情况进行回顾性分析,数据采用x2检验进行统计学比较.结果 2009年9月至2010年8月,Ⅰ类切口手术病例抗菌药物平均预防使用率80.29%(12 937/16 111),院内感染发生率0.011% (2/17 563).2010年9月至2011年8月Ⅰ类切口手术病例抗菌药物平均预防使用率44.50%(79681/17905),院内感染发生率0.005%(1/19 441),对以上两年抗菌药物平均预防使用率进行比较,差异有统计学意义(x2=4587.78,P<0.05),后1年低于前1年;院内感染发生率比较差异无统计学意义(x2=0.44,P>0.05).手术病例平均抗菌药物使用率(含Ⅰ至Ⅳ类切口手术):2009年9月至2010年8月为76.69%(13 469/17 563),2010年9月至2011年8月为49.40% (9604/19 441),两年比较差异有统计学意义(x2=2927.19,P<0.05),后1年低于前1年.两年中手术送检标本细菌分离培养结果显示:革兰阳性菌均以表皮葡萄球菌为主,革兰阴性菌均以铜绿假单胞菌为主.表皮葡萄球菌耐药率:2009年9月至2010年8月42.86%(33/77),2010年9月至2011年8月39.19%(39/174),铜绿假单胞菌耐药率:2009年9月至2010年8月2/11,2010年9月至2011年8月2/13,以上两年表皮葡萄球菌耐药率比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.09,P> 0.05),铜绿假单胞菌耐药率比较,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.03,P>0.05).结论 通过对眼科专科医院围手术期抗菌药物应用进行规范化管理,全身用药比例逐步下降,用药选择及给药方式趋于合理.与此同时院内感染发生率并未升高,也没有出现耐药菌 Objective To investigate the impact factors and clinical significance of standardized perioperative antibiotic application on nosocomial infection and drug-resistant bacteria strains in eye hospital.Methods It was a retrospective series case study.The inpatients underwent ophthalmologic operation of one year before standardized application (from Sep.2009 to Aug.2010) and one year after standardized application (from Sep.2010 to Aug.2011) in Tianjin Eye Hospital were selected and the incidence rate of nosocomial infection and types of drug-resistant strains in these two years were analyzed.Results From Sep.2009 to Aug.2010,the prophylactic antibiotics application rate for type Ⅰ incisional surgeries was 80.29% (12937/16 111),the nosocomial infection rate was 0.011% (2/17 563).From Sep.2010 to Aug.2011,the same values were 44.50% (7968/17 905) and 0.005% (1/19 441).There was a significant decrease of prophylactic antibiotics application comparing these two years (x2 =4587.78,P < 0.05).However,there was no significant difference in nosocomial infection rate (x2 =0.44,P > 0.05).Average antibiotics application rate for inpatient(type Ⅰ-Ⅳ incisional surgeries)was 76.69% (13 469/17 563) from Sep.2009 to Aug.2010,and 49.40% (9604/19 441) from Sep.2010 to Aug.2011.There was a significant decrease over these two years (x2 =2927.19,P < 0.05).The results of isolation and cultivation of bacteria in these two years showed that staphylococcus epidermidis predominated in gram-positive bacteria,pseudomonas aeruginosa predominated in gram-negative bacteria.Drug resistance rate of staphylococcus was 42.86% (33/77) from Sep.2009 to Aug.2010 and 39.19% (39/74) from Sep.2010 to Aug.2011.Drug resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa was 2/11 from Sep.2009 to Aug.2010 and 2/13 from Sep.2010 to Aug.2011.There were no significant differences in drug resistance rate of staphylococcus and pseudomonas aeruginosa between these two years (x2 =0.09,P > 0.05
出处 《中华眼科杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第11期1002-1005,共4页 Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology
关键词 眼外科手术 手术期间 抗菌药 抗药性 细菌 交叉感染 Ophthalmologic surgical procedures Intraoperative period Anti-bacterial agents Drug resistance, bacterial Cross infection
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参考文献11

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