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高等教育公平与政府责任——论战后美国联邦政府在高等教育入学机会均等中的作用

Higher Education Equality and Government Responsibility——On the Role of American Federal Government in Realizing Equal Opportunity in Higher Education Admission
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摘要 二战以来,美国联邦政府积极介入高等教育入学机会分配,其作用经历了四个阶段:二战后到20世纪60年代中期为满足高等教育入学需求;60年代中期到70年代末为重视高等教育入学机会均等;70年代末至90年代末为迎合中产阶级学生的入学需求;新世纪以来为关注入学的可负担性。美国联邦政府在高等教育入学机会均等中的作用表现出受不同政府理论影响;强制性制度变迁为主,兼顾诱致性制度变迁;立法、行政和司法机关各自发挥作用等特点。 Since World War II, the U. S. federal government has been actively involving itself in the allocation of higher education opportunities, and its role has gone through four stages:meeting the higher education access requirement from World War II to the mid-60s;laying emphasis on equality of higher education access opportunity from mid-60s to late 70s;meeting the access requirements of middle-class students from late 70s to late 90s;casting eyes onto the affordability of college access. The federal governmenfs role in ensuring equal opportunity in higher education manifests different theoretical influence, which mainly sticks to mandatory institutional changes, combined with occasional induced system changes, resorting to the function of legislative, administrative and judiciary bodies.
作者 孔令帅
出处 《徐州工程学院学报(社会科学版)》 2013年第6期97-101,共5页 Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology:Social Sciences Edition
基金 上海师范大学文科科研项目"中美高等教育入学机会均等中政府作用比较研究"(A-3138-10-010009) 上海市教委科研创新项目"国际化大都市纽约教育均衡发展研究及其对上海的启示"(11YS103) 上海高校选拔培养优秀青年科研专项基金"国际化大都市经济转型中大学与城市互动研究"(ssd10003) 教育部人文社科青年项目"国际组织教师教育政策研究"(11YJC880044)
关键词 美国高等教育 入学机会均等 联邦政府 政府作用 American higher education equal opportunity in admission federal government government's role
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参考文献9

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