摘要
以陕西杨凌试验区大田栽培的3 年生‘长富2 号’苹果为材料，结合凤翔、永寿和蒲城等试验区的调查，研究比较矮化中间砧（M26）入土深度对富士苹果树基砧根系生长分布、根系激素含量和果实产量品质的影响。结果表明，矮化中间砧入土深度为15 cm 时，树体细根（＜ 2 mm）主要分布在0 ~40 cm 土层，细根数比其他处理多13.6% ~ 41.5%，总根数多18.2% ~ 33.3%，根系干质量多11.2% ~ 68.4%，果实产量高，单果质量大，可溶性固形物含量高，硬度大，可滴定酸含量少，着色率高，品质较好。矮化中间砧入土深度为15 cm，树体根系中促进生长的IAA、ZR、GA 含量较高，抑制生长的ABA 含量较少，（IAA ＋ GA ＋ ZR）/ABA 比值较大，有利于刺激根系的生长。研究表明矮化中间砧入土深度为15 cm时，根系生长旺盛，细根数量较多，能够为果树生长发育提供较多养分，果实品质较好。
In the present study,three-year old‘Changfu 2’apple trees grafted on dwarfing interstock
（M26）were respectively planted with different planting depth in Yangling,combined with the
investigation of Fengxiang,Yongshou and Pucheng,Shaanxi Province. Then these trees were used to
investigate the effects of the planting depth on root system growth,root hormone,fruit yields and quality.
The results showed that,in the treatment with 15 cm planting depth of dwarfing interstock,fine roots
（〈 2 mm）mainly distributed in the soil layer of 0–40 cm,and the number of fine roots was 13.6%–
41.5% more than other treatments,total roots number was 18.2%–33.3% more than other treatments,the
root dry weight was 11.2%–68.4% of that in other treatments. Moreover,15 cm treatment showed more
competitive advantage,i.e.,the quantity of fruit yields,single fruit weight,soluble solid contents,fruit
hardness,fruit coloring and the titratable acid. Furthermore,the 15 cm planting depth had highest level ofIAA,ZR and GA contents,but the contents of ABA was at the lowest level. the ratio of （IAA ＋ GA ＋ ZR）/ ABA
was at the peak,which helps to stimulate the growth of roots. These results indicate that 15 cm planting
depth of dwarfing interstock can promote the growth of root,increase fine and total root numbers so that
apple trees obtain more nutrition by root and have good fruit quality.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第11期2127-2136,共10页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设资金项目(CARS-28)
陕西省科技厅重大攻关项目(2011KTZB02-02-05)
陕西省果业专项(2011-2012)
关键词
苹果
中间砧
入土深度
根系分布
激素
产量
品质
apple, interstock, planting depth, distribution of root system, hormone, yield, quality
